Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the perimysium in skeletal muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

It divides the muscle into fascicles and contains blood vessels and nerves.

Question 2

A patient is experiencing muscle weakness due to a lack of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) at the neuromuscular junction. What is the most likely physiological consequence?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine will accumulate, causing prolonged muscle contraction.

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the process by which creatine phosphate regenerates ATP in a contracting muscle?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{Creatine~Phosphate} \xrightarrow{\mathrm{Creatine~Kinase}} \mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{Creatine}$$

Question 4

During intense exercise, when oxygen is limited, which metabolic pathway provides ATP for muscle contraction, and what is a byproduct of this pathway?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis; lactic acid

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the sliding filament model of muscle contraction is correct?

Accepted Answer

Thin filaments slide past thick filaments, shortening the sarcomere.

Question 6

Which structure is responsible for carrying the action potential deep into the muscle fiber, triggering the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

T-tubules (transverse tubules)

Question 7

A muscle fiber is unable to relax after contraction. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Insufficient ATP to detach myosin heads from actin

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of troponin in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

It binds calcium ions, causing a conformational change that moves tropomyosin away from actin's active sites.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of skeletal muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Pumping blood throughout the body

Question 10

A histological section of muscle tissue shows long, multinucleated, striated fibers. Which type of muscle is this?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why skeletal muscle fibers are multinucleated?

Accepted Answer

Multiple nuclei allow for greater production of proteins needed for contraction.

Question 12

What is the primary function of satellite cells in skeletal muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

To repair and regenerate damaged muscle fibers

Question 13

Which of the following correctly matches the muscle structure with its description?

Accepted Answer

Perimysium: surrounds each fascicle

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Action potential → ACh release → Ca$$^{2+}$$ release → Cross-bridge formation

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in muscle relaxation?

Accepted Answer

ATP is required to actively transport Ca$$^{2+}$$ back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Question 16

If a muscle fiber is deprived of oxygen, which of the following will occur first to provide ATP for contraction?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis in the sarcoplasm

Question 17

Which of the following is a direct result of the binding of acetylcholine (ACh) to its receptor on the motor end-plate?

Accepted Answer

Opening of Na$$^+$$ channels and generation of a muscle action potential

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why lactic acid accumulates in muscle during intense exercise?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration is inhibited, so pyruvate is converted to lactic acid.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the sarcomere is correct?

Accepted Answer

The Z disc marks the boundary between adjacent sarcomeres.

Muscle Tissue: Structure, Function, and Contraction Mechanisms

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