Q: Which equation best represents the speed of fast axonal transport in neurons?

$$v = 200-400 \, \text{mm/day}$$

Q: Which equation correctly represents the relationship between the number of neurons in the adult human brain and the rate of neuron development in the fetus?

$$N_{adult} = 100 \, \text{billion}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the central nervous system (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

To integrate and interpret sensory input and coordinate appropriate motor responses.

Question 2

A patient suffers damage to the Schwann cells in their peripheral nervous system. Which of the following consequences is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Impaired regeneration of damaged peripheral axons.

Question 3

Which equation best represents the speed of fast axonal transport in neurons?

Accepted Answer

$$v = 200-400 \, 	ext{mm/day}$$

Question 4

Which neuroglial cell is responsible for forming the blood-brain barrier and repairing damaged tissue in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Astrocyte

Question 5

A nerve ending in the finger detects heat and sends a signal to the CNS. Which division is responsible for this afferent signal?

Accepted Answer

Somatic sensory division

Question 6

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the myelination process in the CNS compared to the PNS?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes myelinate multiple axons in the CNS.

Question 7

Which neuron type is most commonly found in the retina and is characterized by having one axon and one dendrite?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar neuron

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of microglial cells in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytize foreign invaders and monitor neuron health

Question 9

Which of the following structures is the main receptive region of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

Dendrites

Question 10

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between the number of neurons in the adult human brain and the rate of neuron development in the fetus?

Accepted Answer

$$N_{adult} = 100 \, 	ext{billion}$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the repair of a severed axon in the PNS?

Accepted Answer

Wallerian degeneration, regeneration tube formation, connection with target cell

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of astrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Form myelin sheaths around axons

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between white matter and gray matter in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

White matter contains myelinated axons; gray matter contains neuron cell bodies and unmyelinated dendrites.

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE about the functional classification of neurons?

Accepted Answer

Sensory neurons are mostly unipolar and their cell bodies are found outside the CNS.

Question 15

Which equation best represents the relationship between the number of neurons in the CNS and PNS?

Accepted Answer

$$N_{CNS} \approx 100 \, 	ext{billion}$$; $$N_{PNS} \approx 100 \, 	ext{million}$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of neurons that distinguishes them from most other cell types?

Accepted Answer

High metabolic rate and inability to divide

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of the axon hillock?

Accepted Answer

It is the junction where action potentials are initiated.

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the organization of neuron cell bodies and axons in the CNS and PNS?

Accepted Answer

Neuron cell bodies are grouped in nuclei in the CNS and ganglia in the PNS.

Question 19

Which of the following viruses uses retrograde axonal transport to infect the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Poliovirus

Nervous Tissue and Physiology: Structure and Function

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