$$\text{ATP} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{ADP} + \text{P}_i + \text{Energy}$$

$$\text{Glucose} + 6\ \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 6\ \text{CO}_2 + 6\ \text{H}_2\text{O} + 30\ \text{ATP}$$

Question 1

Which process provides the most ATP per glucose molecule during skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 2

During a short, intense sprint lasting less than 15 seconds, which energy system is primarily used by skeletal muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Phosphagen system (creatine phosphate)

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the hydrolysis of ATP, releasing energy for cellular functions?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{ATP} + 	ext{H}_2	ext{O} ightarrow 	ext{ADP} + 	ext{P}_i + 	ext{Energy}$$

Question 4

Which muscle fiber type is best suited for endurance activities such as marathon running?

Accepted Answer

Type I (slow oxidative)

Question 5

A muscle fiber with high myosin ATPase activity, few mitochondria, and low myoglobin content is most likely:

Accepted Answer

Type IIx (fast glycolytic)

Question 6

Which of the following is a primary cause of peripheral muscle fatigue during intense exercise?

Accepted Answer

Accumulation of H+ ions lowering pH

Question 7

What is the main function of myoglobin in skeletal muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Binding and storing oxygen

Question 8

Which training adaptation is most likely to occur after several weeks of endurance (aerobic) training?

Accepted Answer

Increased mitochondrial content and blood vessel network

Question 9

If oxygen is unavailable, what is the net ATP yield from one glucose molecule via anaerobic glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

$$2\ 	ext{ATP}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes VO2 max?

Accepted Answer

The maximum possible rate of oxygen use by the body per minute

Question 11

During resistance training, which anatomical change is most likely to occur in skeletal muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Increase in muscle fiber diameter (hypertrophy)

Question 12

Which equation represents the net ATP yield from aerobic metabolism of one glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Glucose} + 6\ 	ext{O}_2 ightarrow 6\ 	ext{CO}_2 + 6\ 	ext{H}_2	ext{O} + 30\ 	ext{ATP}$$

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of ATP in skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Facilitating oxygen binding to myoglobin

Question 14

Which scenario best illustrates muscle fiber atrophy?

Accepted Answer

Decreased number of myofibrils and oxidative enzymes

Question 15

Which muscle fiber type would be most active during a 100-meter sprint?

Accepted Answer

Type IIx (fast glycolytic)

Question 16

Which of the following is a plausible reason for muscle fatigue during prolonged exercise?

Accepted Answer

Accumulation of H+ ions decreasing enzyme activity

Question 17

Which process is catalyzed by creatine kinase in skeletal muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Transfer of a phosphate group from creatine phosphate to ADP

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic of Type IIa muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Medium fatigue resistance and fast ATPase activity

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why a balanced training program is recommended for most people?

Accepted Answer

Combining endurance and resistance training optimizes both strength and fatigue resistance

Question 20

Which of the following is a direct result of increased frequency and duration of motor unit activation during endurance training?

Accepted Answer

Increased oxidative capacity and fatigue resistance

Skeletal Muscle Energy Sources, Fiber Types, and Performance (M2)

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