Question 1

Which of the following best explains why blood is considered a connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It contains a liquid matrix (plasma) with suspended formed elements.

Question 2

A patient has a hematocrit of 60%. What does this indicate about their blood?

Accepted Answer

They have a higher than normal proportion of red blood cells.

Question 3

Which plasma protein is most responsible for maintaining blood osmolarity and pressure?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 4

A person with type AB blood can safely receive blood from which of the following types?

Accepted Answer

Type A, Type B, Type AB, and Type O

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of carbonic anhydrase in red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

It catalyzes the conversion of CO$$_2$$ and H$$_2O to H$_2CO$_3.$$

Question 6

During erythropoiesis, which cell is the first to lose its nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Normoblast

Question 7

A patient with chronic kidney disease is likely to develop anemia because:

Accepted Answer

The kidneys produce less erythropoietin, reducing RBC production.

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the breakdown of heme from hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

Heme → Biliverdin → Bilirubin

Question 9

A person with a deficiency in transferrin would most likely experience problems with:

Accepted Answer

Transporting iron in the blood

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of platelets in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

They form temporary plugs and release factors that promote clotting and vessel repair.

Question 11

A patient with hemolytic anemia is likely to have elevated levels of which substance in their blood?

Accepted Answer

Unconjugated bilirubin

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about the ABO blood group system?

Accepted Answer

Type O blood has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma.

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why a Rh- mother carrying a Rh+ fetus is at risk for hemolytic disease of the newborn?

Accepted Answer

The mother can produce anti-Rh antibodies that cross the placenta and destroy fetal RBCs.

Question 14

Which of the following white blood cells is most abundant in a normal blood smear?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 15

A patient presents with a high reticulocyte count following a significant hemorrhage. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

The bone marrow is increasing RBC production to compensate for blood loss.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of fibrinogen in the blood?

Accepted Answer

It is converted to fibrin, which forms the meshwork of a blood clot.

Question 17

A patient with liver failure is likely to have problems with blood clotting because:

Accepted Answer

The liver produces most of the plasma proteins involved in coagulation.

Question 18

Which of the following equations correctly represents the reaction catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase in red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO_2$ + H_2O \xrightarrow{CAH} H_2CO_3}$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between plasma and serum?

Accepted Answer

Serum is plasma without fibrinogen.

Question 20

A patient with a genetic defect in the production of gamma globulins would most likely have which of the following problems?

Accepted Answer

Impaired immune response to infections

Study Guide: Blood – Structure, Function, and Physiology

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