Question 1

Which of the following best describes the basic pattern of gray and white matter in the central nervous system (CNS) as you ascend from the spinal cord to the cerebrum?

Accepted Answer

The spinal cord has a central cavity surrounded by gray matter, with white matter external; in the brain stem, additional gray matter nuclei are scattered within white matter; in the cerebrum and cerebellum, there is an outer cortex of gray matter with scattered gray matter nuclei within white matter.

Question 2

A patient suffers a stroke that damages the left primary motor cortex. Which of the following symptoms is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Loss of voluntary movement on the right side of the body.

Question 3

Which lobe of the cerebral hemisphere is primarily responsible for processing visual information?

Accepted Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 4

Damage to which area of the brain would most likely result in the inability to comprehend spoken and written language, even though the ability to speak remains intact?

Accepted Answer

Wernicke’s area

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the ventricles of the brain is correct?

Accepted Answer

The lateral ventricles are separated by the septum pellucidum and connect to the third ventricle via the interventricular foramen.

Question 6

A patient with a tumor in the anterior association area (prefrontal cortex) is most likely to experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Personality changes and impaired judgment

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of the basal nuclei?

Accepted Answer

They regulate intensity of slow or stereotyped movements and inhibit unnecessary movements.

Question 8

Which type of white matter fiber tract connects the two cerebral hemispheres?

Accepted Answer

Commissural fibers

Question 9

A patient is unable to voluntarily move their eyes to follow a moving object, but other voluntary movements are intact. Which area is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Frontal eye field

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the cerebellum?

Accepted Answer

Processing input from the cortex, brain stem, and sensory receptors to coordinate precise movements and maintain balance

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why a person with damage to the primary visual cortex is functionally blind, but a person with damage to the visual association area can see but not understand what they are seeing?

Accepted Answer

The primary visual cortex receives visual information from the retinas, while the association area interprets and gives meaning to visual stimuli.

Question 12

Which of the following is true regarding the lateralization of cortical functioning?

Accepted Answer

The left hemisphere is dominant for language in about 90% of people.

Question 13

A patient with hemineglect syndrome after a stroke may refuse to wash or dress one side of their body. This is most likely due to damage in which area?

Accepted Answer

Posterior association area

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of the somatosensory association cortex?

Accepted Answer

It integrates sensory input to determine size, texture, and relationship of parts of objects being felt.

Question 15

Which of the following structures is responsible for connecting the cerebellum to the brain stem?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellar peduncles

Question 16

A patient can move their fingers but cannot voluntarily control the fine movements needed to type. Which area is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Premotor cortex

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the organization of the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

It is a thin (2–4 mm) superficial layer of gray matter containing neuron cell bodies, dendrites, glial cells, and blood vessels.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of the limbic association area?

Accepted Answer

It provides emotional impact and helps establish memories.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world example of the importance of the cerebellum’s function?

Accepted Answer

A gymnast performing a balance beam routine relies on the cerebellum to coordinate muscle contractions and maintain balance.

Ch. 12 Part 1

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드