Question 1

Which of the following glial cells is responsible for forming the myelin sheath in the central nervous system (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Question 2

A patient presents with muscle weakness and loss of coordination. Demyelination is observed in the peripheral nervous system. Which cell type is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cells

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of astrocytes in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Regulate the chemical environment and support neurons

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents Ohm's Law as applied to neuronal membranes?

Accepted Answer

$$V = I 	imes R$$

Question 5

During the depolarization phase of an action potential, which ion's movement is primarily responsible for the change in membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

Sodium ions moving into the cell

Question 6

A neuron has a resting membrane potential of $$-70\ \mathrm{mV}. If $$the membrane becomes more negative, this is called:

Accepted Answer

Hyperpolarization

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why myelinated axons conduct impulses faster than unmyelinated axons?

Accepted Answer

Myelin enables saltatory conduction, allowing action potentials to jump between nodes of Ranvier

Question 8

Which of the following neurotransmitters is classified as a catecholamine?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Question 9

A postsynaptic neuron receives both excitatory and inhibitory inputs. If the sum of graded potentials at the axon hillock reaches threshold, what will occur?

Accepted Answer

An action potential will be generated

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of microglia in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Act as immune defense cells, removing debris and pathogens

Question 11

Which of the following is TRUE regarding graded potentials?

Accepted Answer

They decrease in magnitude as they spread from the site of stimulation

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of the axon hillock?

Accepted Answer

It is the site where action potentials are initiated

Question 13

A patient is unable to feel pain or temperature in a specific region of their body. Which type of neuron is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Sensory (afferent) neuron

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of the sodium-potassium pump in neurons?

Accepted Answer

It actively transports $$3\ \mathrm{Na}^+$$ out and $$2\ \mathrm{K}^+ in$$, maintaining the resting membrane potential

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events during an action potential?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization → Repolarization → Hyperpolarization

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of ependymal cells in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Line ventricles and produce cerebrospinal fluid

Question 17

Which of the following best explains the difference between continuous and saltatory conduction?

Accepted Answer

Continuous conduction occurs along the entire axon membrane, while saltatory conduction jumps between nodes of Ranvier

Question 18

Which of the following is a peptide neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

Endorphin

Question 19

A neuron receives multiple excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) in rapid succession at the same synapse. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Temporal summation

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the effect of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) on the postsynaptic neuron?

Accepted Answer

They hyperpolarize the membrane, making an action potential less likely

Study Notes: Organization and Function of the Nervous System

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드