$$ F_{effort} \times d_{effort} = F_{load} \times d_{load} $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between origin and insertion during muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

The origin is the stationary attachment point, and the insertion is the movable attachment point that moves toward the origin during contraction.

Question 2

A muscle that acts as a prime mover (agonist) in flexing the forearm at the elbow is opposed by which type of muscle?

Accepted Answer

Antagonist

Question 3

Which fascicle arrangement is best suited for generating the greatest range of motion, but not the greatest force?

Accepted Answer

Parallel

Question 4

During aerobic (endurance) exercise, which of the following adaptations occurs in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Increase in myoglobin synthesis

Question 5

Which muscle is responsible for closing the jaw during mastication?

Accepted Answer

Temporalis

Question 6

What is the primary function of the diaphragm during inspiration?

Accepted Answer

Contracts to enlarge the thoracic cavity, allowing air to enter the lungs

Question 7

Which of the following statements about smooth muscle is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle cells are electrically coupled by gap junctions, allowing synchronized contractions.

Question 8

If a muscle operates at a mechanical advantage, which of the following is TRUE regarding the lever system?

Accepted Answer

The effort is farther from the fulcrum than the load.

Question 9

Which equation best represents the relationship between force, load, and lever arm in a lever system?

Accepted Answer

$$ F_{effort} 	imes d_{effort} = F_{load} 	imes d_{load} $$

Question 10

Which muscle group is primarily responsible for extension of the thigh and flexion of the knee?

Accepted Answer

Hamstrings

Question 11

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the rotator cuff?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid

Question 12

Which muscle is the prime mover for flexion of the forearm at the elbow?

Accepted Answer

Biceps brachii

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the pelvic diaphragm?

Accepted Answer

Seals the inferior outlet of the pelvis and supports pelvic organs

Question 14

Which muscle arrangement is best suited for generating the greatest force?

Accepted Answer

Pennate

Question 15

Which of the following muscles is involved in forced expiration?

Accepted Answer

Internal intercostals

Question 16

Which muscle is responsible for smiling?

Accepted Answer

Zygomaticus major

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE regarding muscle hypertrophy?

Accepted Answer

It results from increased muscle fiber size due to resistance exercise.

Question 18

Which muscle is the prime mover for abduction of the arm?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid

Question 19

Which of the following muscles is responsible for dorsiflexion of the ankle?

Accepted Answer

Tibialis anterior

Question 20

Which of the following statements about muscle lever systems is correct?

Accepted Answer

A second-class lever in the body is exemplified by standing on tiptoe, with the ball of the foot as the fulcrum.

The Muscle System: Structure, Function, and Major Muscles

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