Q: Which equation best represents the relationship between the number of neurons and synaptic connections in the human CNS?

$$\text{Total synaptic connections} = \text{Number of neurons} \times \text{Average synapses per neuron}$$

Q: Which equation would you use to estimate the total number of Schwann cells needed to myelinate an axon of length $$L if $$each Schwann cell covers a segment of length $$l$$?

$$\text{Number of Schwann cells} = \frac{L}{l}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

To control and communicate information throughout the body

Question 2

Which anatomical division of the nervous system is responsible for integrating and processing information?

Accepted Answer

Central nervous system (CNS)

Question 3

A patient suffers damage to the nerves connecting the spinal cord to the muscles in their leg. Which division of the nervous system is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of neuroglia (glial cells)?

Accepted Answer

Transmitting electrical signals

Question 5

Which neuron structure is responsible for receiving and transmitting signals toward the cell body?

Accepted Answer

Dendrite

Question 6

Which equation best represents the relationship between the number of neurons and synaptic connections in the human CNS?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Total synaptic connections} = 	ext{Number of neurons} 	imes 	ext{Average synapses per neuron}$$

Question 7

Which type of neuron is most commonly found in the CNS and is involved in higher functions such as memory and learning?

Accepted Answer

Interneuron (association neuron)

Question 8

Which of the following statements about myelination is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Myelinated fibers transmit impulses faster than unmyelinated fibers

Question 9

A neuron has one axon and many dendrites. It transmits impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles. What is its structural classification?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar neuron

Question 10

Which neuroglia cell type is responsible for maintaining the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

Astrocytes

Question 11

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is primarily responsible for the 'fight or flight' response?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the location of sensory neuron cell bodies?

Accepted Answer

Outside the CNS in ganglia

Question 13

Which equation would you use to calculate the speed of impulse transmission in a myelinated axon, given the distance $$d$$ and time $$t$$?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Speed} = \frac{d}{t}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of ependymal cells in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Secreting and circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 15

Which neuron type is most likely to be found in the retina of the eye?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar neuron

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of the nodes of Ranvier?

Accepted Answer

They are periodic gaps in the myelin sheath that facilitate rapid impulse transmission

Question 17

Which equation would you use to estimate the total number of Schwann cells needed to myelinate an axon of length $$L if $$each Schwann cell covers a segment of length $$l$$?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Number of Schwann cells} = \frac{L}{l}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the gray and white matter in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

White matter consists of myelinated processes in fiber tracts

Question 19

Which scenario best illustrates the function of the motor (efferent) division of the PNS?

Accepted Answer

A person moves their hand away from a hot surface

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct pairing of neuroglia cell and its function?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte – forms myelin sheath in the CNS

The Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Cellular Organization

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