Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of osteoclasts in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

They break down bone tissue, releasing calcium into the blood.

Question 2

A patient presents with a fracture that penetrates the skin. What type of fracture is this, and what is the first step in bone repair?

Accepted Answer

Open fracture; hematoma formation

Question 3

Which hormone is primarily responsible for activating osteoclasts to increase blood calcium levels when they fall below normal?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 4

Which bone is unique in that it does not articulate directly with any other bone and is located in the neck?

Accepted Answer

Hyoid bone

Question 5

A newborn's skull contains soft spots called fontanelles. What is the primary function of these fontanelles?

Accepted Answer

To allow for rapid brain growth and easier passage through the birth canal

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between compact and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone is dense and forms the outer layer of bones, while spongy bone consists of trabeculae and is found inside bones.

Question 7

Which of the following bones is NOT part of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Femur

Question 8

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for fractures because:

Accepted Answer

Their bones have decreased mineral content, making them brittle.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the process of endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage.

Question 10

Which bone marking is correctly matched with its function?

Accepted Answer

Trochanter – large projection for muscle attachment

Question 11

A 10-year-old child is experiencing rapid growth in height. Which structure is primarily responsible for this increase in bone length?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of osteocytes?

Accepted Answer

Monitoring and maintaining the bone matrix

Question 13

Which of the following equations correctly represents the chemical composition of hydroxyapatite, the main inorganic component of bone?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_5$$($$PO_4)_3OH$

Question 14

A patient has a fracture in the shaft of the femur. Which anatomical term best describes this region?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 15

Which of the following statements about bone remodeling is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Bone remodeling is a continuous process that helps maintain calcium homeostasis and bone strength.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why the medullary cavity of long bones in adults contains mostly yellow marrow?

Accepted Answer

Yellow marrow stores triglycerides for energy.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a cranial bone and its function?

Accepted Answer

Occipital bone – contains the foramen magnum for passage of the spinal cord

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

It covers the external surface of bones, contains osteogenic cells, and serves as an anchoring point for tendons and ligaments.

Question 19

A patient is diagnosed with a herniated intervertebral disc. Which type of cartilage is most likely involved in this injury?

Accepted Answer

Fibrocartilage

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of the articular cartilage found at the ends of long bones?

Accepted Answer

It reduces friction and absorbs shock at joints.

The Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Anatomy

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제