Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between somatic cells and gametes in terms of chromosome number?

Accepted Answer

Somatic cells are diploid, while gametes are haploid.

Question 2

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 3

A cell has 8 chromosomes during G1. After DNA replication, how many chromosomes and chromatids will the cell contain?

Accepted Answer

8 chromosomes and 16 chromatids

Question 4

Which structure is responsible for attaching spindle fibers to chromosomes during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Kinetochore

Question 5

If a cell contains 10 X-shaped chromosomes during metaphase, how many chromosomes will be present in the entire cell immediately after sister chromatids separate during anaphase?

Accepted Answer

20

Question 6

Which of the following best describes cytokinesis in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

A cell plate forms to divide the cytoplasm.

Question 7

Which phase of mitosis is characterized by chromosomes lining up at the center of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 8

If you wanted to create a drug to stop chromosomes from lining up during mitosis, but otherwise not disturb the overall process, you would want to disrupt/target:

Accepted Answer

Kinetochores

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of cell division in multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

Infection

Question 10

A student counts 24 sister chromatids during metaphase. Assuming normal mitosis, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell contain?

Accepted Answer

12

Question 11

Which of the following best describes binary fission?

Accepted Answer

A process used by prokaryotic cells to reproduce.

Question 12

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell grow and prepare for DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

G1 phase

Question 13

If you saw a cell with chromosomes starting to condense, you would know that the cell was in:

Accepted Answer

Prophase

Question 14

If the nuclear envelope has disappeared but the condensed chromosomes are not yet lined up, the cell is in:

Accepted Answer

Prometaphase

Question 15

Which of the following best explains how nuclear DNA enters daughter cells during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

As identical copies of the same chromosomes

Question 16

Which of the following is true about the centromere?

Accepted Answer

It is the region where spindle fibers attach via the kinetochore.

Question 17

A cell is observed with chromosomes separating but not yet at the poles. Which stage of mitosis is this?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the G0 phase of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

A phase where the cell exits the cycle and stops dividing.

Question 19

Cell A contains 4 X-shaped chromosomes. Cell B contains 8 I-shaped chromosomes. Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

Cell B has twice as many DNA molecules as Cell A.

Question 20

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between the number of chromosomes ($$n$$), the number of chromatids ($$c$$), and DNA content after S phase?

Accepted Answer

$$c = 2n$$

Cell Division, Chromosome Structure, and the Cell Cycle: Step-by-Step Study Guidance

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