Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of NADH and FADH$$_2 in $$cellular respiration, as illustrated in the Krebs cycle diagram?

Accepted Answer

They are electron carriers that transport high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain.

Question 2

During glycolysis, as shown in the diagram, how many net ATP molecules are produced per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2

Question 3

In the Calvin cycle diagram, what is the primary function of ATP and NADPH?

Accepted Answer

They provide energy and reducing power for the reduction of 3-PGA to G3P.

Question 4

Which step in cellular respiration is responsible for the majority of ATP production, as shown in the electron transport chain diagram?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain and ATP synthase

Question 5

What is the equation for cellular respiration, and which step produces CO$$_2$$?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration: $$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP}$$; CO$$_2 is $$produced during pyruvate oxidation and the Krebs cycle.

Question 6

Which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the mitochondrial electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$

Question 7

In the Calvin cycle, what is the significance of RuBP regeneration?

Accepted Answer

It allows the cycle to continue by providing a substrate for carbon fixation.

Question 8

How does the proton motive force relate to pH in the mitochondria, as shown in the electron transport chain diagram?

Accepted Answer

The intermembrane space has a lower pH due to a high concentration of hydrogen ions.

Question 9

Which enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the fixation of CO$$_2 in $$the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

Rubisco

Question 10

What is the main product of glycolysis, and why is it valuable to the cell?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate, which can be further oxidized to produce ATP in the mitochondria.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why the inner mitochondrial membrane's surface area is important for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It increases the rate of ATP production by providing more space for electron transport chain components.

Question 12

Which process in photosynthesis is directly dependent on the products of the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

Calvin cycle

Question 13

What is the equation for photosynthesis, and which part of the equation is used in the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis: $$\mathrm{6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2}$$; CO$$_2 is $$used in the Calvin cycle.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about ATP synthase is correct?

Accepted Answer

It uses the flow of hydrogen ions to synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi.

Question 15

Which cellular process increases entropy within the cell?

Accepted Answer

The breakdown of glucose during glycolysis.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the relationship between exergonic and endergonic reactions in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Exergonic reactions release energy that can be used to drive endergonic reactions.

Question 17

What is the $$\Delta G of $$ATP hydrolysis, and what does this value indicate about the reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta G = -30.5\ \mathrm{kJ/mol}$$; the reaction is exergonic and releases energy.

Question 18

Which of the following is a strategy used by CAM plants to reduce water loss while maximizing carbon fixation?

Accepted Answer

They open their stomata at night to fix CO$$_2$$ and close them during the day.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are substrate specific?

Accepted Answer

The active site of an enzyme has a unique shape that fits only specific substrates.

Cellular Energy: Guided Study for General Biology

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드