Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why fungi are more closely related to animals than to plants?

Accepted Answer

Fungi and animals both store carbohydrates as glycogen.

Question 2

What is the primary function of the mycelium in multicellular fungi?

Accepted Answer

To increase surface area for nutrient absorption.

Question 3

Which structure is responsible for the external digestion of food in fungi?

Accepted Answer

Hyphae

Question 4

A fungal hypha that is not divided by septa and contains many nuclei is called:

Accepted Answer

Coenocytic

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the role of saprophytic fungi in the carbon cycle?

Accepted Answer

They break down dead plant material, releasing carbon back into the environment.

Question 6

Which of the following equations best represents the process by which fungi decompose cellulose?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{(C_6H_{10}O_5$)_n + nH_2O \rightarrow nC_6H_{12}O_6$}$$

Question 7

Which of the following is a mutualistic relationship involving fungi?

Accepted Answer

Mycorrhizal fungi increasing phosphate uptake for plants

Question 8

What is the main difference between ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)?

Accepted Answer

EMF hyphae form a dense coating around roots and penetrate between cells, while AMF hyphae grow into root cells and contact the plasma membrane.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the dominant life phase in the fungal life cycle?

Accepted Answer

Haploid multicellular

Question 10

During sexual reproduction in fungi, what is the correct order of the following events?

Accepted Answer

Plasmogamy → Karyogamy → Meiosis

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by fungi and animals?

Accepted Answer

Presence of chitin in cell walls

Question 12

A student observes a fungus with hyphae that contain two genetically distinct nuclei per cell. What is the term for this condition?

Accepted Answer

Dikaryotic

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why fungi are prone to drying out?

Accepted Answer

Their hyphae have a large surface area to volume ratio.

Question 14

Which of the following is a real-world example of a parasitic fungus affecting agriculture?

Accepted Answer

Corn smut infecting maize plants

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the process of nutrient transport in most fungal hyphae?

Accepted Answer

Rapid movement through pores in septa or through the coenocytic body

Question 16

Which of the following is a commensal relationship involving fungi?

Accepted Answer

Yeast living harmlessly on human skin

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why only fungi and a few bacteria can break down lignin?

Accepted Answer

Lignin is a complex polymer that requires specialized enzymes for degradation.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of spores in the fungal life cycle?

Accepted Answer

Spores are the dispersal units produced by both sexual and asexual reproduction.

Question 19

A scientist discovers a fungus that forms a mutualistic relationship with a photosynthetic cyanobacterium. What is this association called?

Accepted Answer

Lichen

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why mycorrhizal fungi were important for the colonization of land by early plants?

Accepted Answer

They increased nutrient and water uptake, allowing plants to survive in poor soils.

Fungi: Structure, Nutrition, Roles, and Symbiosis

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제