Question 1

Which of the following best describes the flow of genetic information in cells according to the Central Dogma?

Accepted Answer

DNA \rightarrow RNA \rightarrow Protein

Question 2

In eukaryotic cells, what is the correct sequence of events for gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Transcription \rightarrow RNA Processing \rightarrow Translation

Question 3

Which molecule acts as the bridge between DNA and protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

mRNA

Question 4

A DNA template strand has the sequence 3'-TACGGTAGC-5'. What is the sequence of the mRNA transcript?

Accepted Answer

5'-AUGCCAUGC-3'

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the genetic code is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The code is redundant but not ambiguous

Question 6

How many nucleotides are required to code for one amino acid?

Accepted Answer

3

Question 7

Which codon serves as the initiation signal for translation?

Accepted Answer

AUG

Question 8

In prokaryotic cells, why can translation begin before transcription is finished?

Accepted Answer

There is no nuclear envelope separating the processes

Question 9

Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing mRNA in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase II

Question 10

What is the function of the promoter region in transcription?

Accepted Answer

Determines where transcription begins and which strand is used as template

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a component of the transcription initiation complex in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Question 12

During transcription, RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA in which direction?

Accepted Answer

5' \rightarrow 3'

Question 13

What is the sequence of the nontemplate strand if the template strand is 3'-GCCACGTATCA-5'?

Accepted Answer

5'-CGGTGCATAGT-3'

Question 14

Which of the following is a stop codon?

Accepted Answer

UAA

Question 15

Which of the following is a key difference between DNA and RNA polymerase?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase can start synthesis without a primer

Question 16

In eukaryotes, what happens to the pre-mRNA after transcription?

Accepted Answer

It undergoes RNA processing to become mature mRNA

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of transcription factors in eukaryotic transcription?

Accepted Answer

They help RNA polymerase bind to the promoter

Question 18

A mutation changes the reading frame of an mRNA. What is the likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The protein will have a completely different sequence after the mutation site

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE about the direction of transcription?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase moves downstream along the DNA

Question 20

In bacteria, what happens to the mRNA after transcription is terminated?

Accepted Answer

It is immediately functional and can be translated

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein (Chapter 17) - Mini Study Guide Part1

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