Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

The light reactions generate ATP and NADPH, which are used by the Calvin cycle to fix carbon into sugars.

Question 2

Where do the light reactions of photosynthesis occur within the chloroplast?

Accepted Answer

Thylakoid membrane

Question 3

What is the main role of ATP and NADPH produced during the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

They are used to power the Calvin cycle for carbon fixation.

Question 4

Which enzyme is responsible for fixing CO$$_2 to $$RuBP in the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

Rubisco

Question 5

What is the immediate product of the Calvin cycle that can be used to synthesize glucose, sucrose, or starch?

Accepted Answer

G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate)

Question 6

Which of the following is a by-product of the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$

Question 7

If a plant is exposed to light but deprived of CO$$_2$$, which of the following will occur?

Accepted Answer

The Calvin cycle will stop, but the light reactions will continue producing ATP and NADPH.

Question 8

Which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

NADP$$^+$$

Question 9

What is the source of electrons for the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

Water (H$$_2O)$$

Question 10

Which process directly produces O$$_2$$ during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Splitting of water in the light reactions

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why the Calvin cycle is sometimes called the 'dark reactions'?

Accepted Answer

It does not directly require light to proceed, but depends on products of the light reactions.

Question 12

What would happen if the thylakoid membrane became leaky to H$$^+$$ ions?

Accepted Answer

ATP production would decrease because the H$$^+$$ gradient would dissipate.

Question 13

Which of the following correctly matches the location with the process?

Accepted Answer

Light reactions — thylakoid membrane

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a direct product of the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 15

Why is the Calvin cycle dependent on the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

It requires ATP and NADPH produced by the light reactions.

General Biology Midterm Study Guide: Scientific Method, Chemistry, Biomolecules, Cells, Membranes, Respiration, and Photosynthesis

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