Question 1

Which of the following best describes the amphipathic nature of phospholipids in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails, allowing them to form a bilayer in aqueous environments.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a solution and swells until it bursts. Which type of solution is the cell in, and what is the direction of water movement?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic solution; water moves into the cell.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about cholesterol in animal cell membranes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol reduces membrane fluidity at moderate temperatures but prevents solidification at low temperatures.

Question 4

Which type of membrane protein is most likely to function as a channel for ions to cross the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Integral transmembrane protein

Question 5

A plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will undergo plasmolysis, and the plasma membrane will pull away from the cell wall.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why ions such as $$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ and $$\mathrm{K^+}$$ cannot easily cross the plasma membrane by simple diffusion?

Accepted Answer

They are charged and the hydrophobic core of the membrane repels them.

Question 7

Which process requires energy input in the form of ATP to move substances across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 8

A cell uses a sodium-potassium pump to maintain a high concentration of $$\mathrm{K^+}$$ inside and $$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ outside. Which equation best represents the energy requirement for this process?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ATP \rightarrow ADP + P_i}$$

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of bulk transport out of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 10

Which factor would increase the fluidity of a cell membrane at low temperatures?

Accepted Answer

A higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in phospholipids

Question 11

Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules down their concentration gradient with the help of a membrane protein, without energy input

Question 12

A cell is placed in an isotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

There will be no net movement of water, and the cell will remain the same size.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of DNA

Question 14

Which process is used by white blood cells to engulf bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why plant cells do not burst when placed in a hypotonic solution?

Accepted Answer

The rigid cell wall prevents excessive expansion.

Question 16

Which of the following is true about the movement of water during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water moves from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of glycoproteins in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They function as identification tags for cell recognition.

Question 18

A solution contains 0.9% NaCl, and a cell with 0.5% NaCl is placed in it. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

Water will leave the cell, causing it to shrink.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of receptor-mediated endocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Uptake of cholesterol by animal cells using LDL receptors

Question 20

Which of the following would most likely increase the rate of simple diffusion across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the concentration gradient of the diffusing substance

Membrane Structure and Function: Study Notes for General Biology

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