Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Law of Segregation as discovered by Mendel?

Accepted Answer

Two alleles for a heritable character separate during gamete formation and end up in different gametes.

Question 2

A plant with genotype $$Yy is $$crossed with another plant with genotype $$Yy. $$What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring if yellow is dominant to green?

Accepted Answer

$$3:1 ($$yellow:green)

Question 3

Which process is responsible for generating genetic variability during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 4

A testcross is performed between a plant with a dominant phenotype and a homozygous recessive plant. If any offspring display the recessive phenotype, what is the genotype of the dominant parent?

Accepted Answer

Heterozygous

Question 5

In a dihybrid cross between two individuals heterozygous for both genes ($$AaBb 	imes AaBb$$), what is the expected phenotypic ratio if the genes assort independently?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

A red-flowered plant crossed with a white-flowered plant produces pink-flowered offspring.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains pleiotropy?

Accepted Answer

A single gene affects multiple phenotypic traits.

Question 8

A woman who is a carrier for cystic fibrosis ($$Ff) $$and a man who is also a carrier ($$Ff) $$have a child. What is the probability that their child will have cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

$$1/4$$

Question 9

Which of the following statements about linked genes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Linked genes are located close together on the same chromosome.

Question 10

A pet shop owner breeds salamanders and observes the following offspring: 25% solid brown, 50% brown with gold spots, and 25% solid gold. What is the most likely inheritance pattern for the gold-spotted trait?

Accepted Answer

Incomplete dominance

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the Law of Independent Assortment?

Accepted Answer

Each pair of alleles segregates independently of other pairs during gamete formation.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a polygenic trait?

Accepted Answer

Skin color in humans

Question 13

A man with blood type AB ($$I^A I^B) $$and a woman with blood type O ($$ii) $$have children. What are the possible blood types of their children?

Accepted Answer

A and B only

Question 14

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of multifactorial inheritance?

Accepted Answer

A person's risk for heart disease is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.

Question 15

If a gene for pigment deposition (C) is epistatic to a gene for fur color (B) in Labrador retrievers, what would be the phenotype of a dog with genotype $$bbcc$$?

Accepted Answer

Yellow (no pigment deposited)

Question 16

Which of the following is true about dominant alleles that cause lethal diseases?

Accepted Answer

They are rare because affected individuals often die before reproducing.

Question 17

A woman with genotype $$Cc ($$carrier for a recessive disorder) marries a man with genotype $$cc ($$affected). What is the probability that their child will be affected by the disorder?

Accepted Answer

$$1/2$$

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why genes that are close together on the same chromosome are often inherited together?

Accepted Answer

They are less likely to be separated by crossing over.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of codominance?

Accepted Answer

A person with blood type AB expressing both A and B antigens.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes a carrier for a recessive genetic disorder?

Accepted Answer

An individual who is heterozygous and does not show symptoms but can pass the allele to offspring.

Mendel and the Gene Idea: Principles of Inheritance and Genetic Variation

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