Q: Which equation represents the probability of obtaining a YYRR genotype in a dihybrid cross between YyRr plants?

$$\frac{1}{4} \times \frac{1}{4} = \frac{1}{16}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel’s law of segregation?

Accepted Answer

The two alleles for a heritable character separate during gamete formation and end up in different gametes.

Question 2

In Mendel’s pea plant experiments, what was the phenotypic ratio observed in the F2 generation for flower color?

Accepted Answer

3:1

Question 3

A testcross is performed between a pea plant with purple flowers and a plant with white flowers. If some offspring have white flowers, what is the genotype of the purple-flowered parent?

Accepted Answer

Pp

Question 4

Which equation represents the probability of obtaining a YYRR genotype in a dihybrid cross between YyRr plants?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4} 	imes \frac{1}{4} = \frac{1}{16}$$

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

A heterozygote has a phenotype intermediate between the two homozygotes, as in pink snapdragons from red and white parents.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes pleiotropy?

Accepted Answer

One gene affects multiple phenotypic characters.

Question 7

In Labrador retrievers, coat color is determined by two genes. If a BbEe dog is crossed with another BbEe dog, what is the expected phenotypic ratio?

Accepted Answer

9 black : 3 chocolate : 4 yellow

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Height in humans

Question 9

A child is born with albinism, a recessive disorder. If both parents are phenotypically normal, what are their likely genotypes?

Accepted Answer

Aa and Aa

Question 10

Which of the following statements about dominant alleles is correct?

Accepted Answer

Dominant alleles are not necessarily more common in populations than recessive alleles.

Question 11

If a heterozygous individual for sickle-cell disease (HbA/HbS) is exposed to malaria, what is the likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

They will be less susceptible to malaria and may have mild sickle-cell symptoms.

Question 12

Which of the following best illustrates the environmental impact on phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Hydrangeas grown in basic soil are pink, while those grown in acidic soil with free aluminum are blue.

Question 13

What is the probability that an offspring from a monohybrid cross (Aa x Aa) will be heterozygous?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{2}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is true about the law of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

It applies only to genes on different, nonhomologous chromosomes or those far apart on the same chromosome.

Question 15

A couple, both carriers for cystic fibrosis (Cc), have a child. What is the probability that their child will have cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of codominance?

Accepted Answer

Both alleles are fully expressed in the heterozygote, as in AB blood type.

Question 17

In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants (YyRr x YyRr), what is the expected phenotypic ratio?

Accepted Answer

9:3:3:1

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a carrier for a recessive genetic disorder?

Accepted Answer

Heterozygous individual who is phenotypically normal but can pass the allele to offspring.

Question 19

Which of the following is a multifactorial trait?

Accepted Answer

Height influenced by both genes and nutrition

Mendel and the Gene Idea: Principles of Inheritance

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