Question 1

Which of the following best explains why water has a high specific heat compared to other small molecules?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds, which require more energy to break.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about covalent bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms.

Question 3

A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of $$1 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$ M. What is its pH?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = 5$$

Question 4

Which of the following best describes an amphipathic molecule?

Accepted Answer

A molecule that contains both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.

Question 5

Which type of bond is primarily responsible for the secondary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 6

Which of the following is a correct formula for calculating the energy of a photon given its wavelength $$\lambda$$?

Accepted Answer

$$E = \dfrac{hc}{\lambda}$$

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why cellulose cannot be digested by humans, while starch can?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose contains $$\beta-1$$,4-glycosidic bonds, which human enzymes cannot hydrolyze.

Question 8

Which of the following is the repeating monomeric unit of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids

Question 9

A mutation causes a protein to lose all ionic bonds but retain hydrogen bonds and disulfide bridges. Which level(s) of protein structure would most likely be affected?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary and quaternary structures

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between $$\alpha-$$glucose and $$\beta-$$glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$\alpha-$$glucose and $$\beta-$$glucose differ in the orientation of the hydroxyl group on carbon 1.

Question 11

Which of the following is a property of water that is critical for life and is a direct result of hydrogen bonding?

Accepted Answer

High surface tension

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in aqueous environments?

Accepted Answer

Their hydrophobic tails avoid water while their hydrophilic heads interact with water.

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the formation of a peptide bond?

Accepted Answer

Amino group of one amino acid reacts with the carboxyl group of another, releasing $$H_2O$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of glycogen in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Short-term energy storage

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a nucleic acid base with its complementary base in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine pairs with thymine

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why soap can dissolve both oil and water-based stains?

Accepted Answer

Soap molecules are amphipathic, allowing them to interact with both polar and nonpolar substances.

Question 17

Which of the following is a property of saturated fatty acids compared to unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids are typically solid at room temperature.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between starch and glycogen?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen is more highly branched than starch.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for a monosaccharide with 5 carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

$$C_5H_{10}O_5$

The Chemistry of the Cell: Atoms, Bonds, and Macromolecules

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