A student sketches an atom showing several electron shells around a nucleus. The student labels the shell closest to the nucleus as having the lowest energy. Why do electrons in this inner shell have lower energy than electrons in shells farther away?

Inner-shell electrons move more slowly and therefore lose all chemical activity

Inner-shell electrons contain less electric charge than outer-shell electrons

Inner-shell electrons are strongly attracted to the positively charged nucleus

Inner-shell electrons are responsible for forming all chemical bonds between atoms