Q: Which of the following equations correctly calculates the number of cells after a given time, starting with $$N_0$$ cells and a generation time $$g$$?

$$N_t = N_0$ \times 2$$^{\frac{t}$${g}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 2

A scientist isolates a cell that is 1 μm in size, lacks a nucleus, and contains small ribosomes. Which domain does this cell most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly calculates the number of cells after a given time, starting with $$N_0$$ cells and a generation time $$g$$?

Accepted Answer

$$N_t = N_0$ 	imes 2$$^{\frac{t}$${g}}$$

Question 4

A bacterial population starts with 50 cells and has a generation time of 20 minutes. How many cells will there be after 2 hours?

Accepted Answer

1,600

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a feature shared by all cells?

Accepted Answer

Contains a nucleus that stores the genetic material

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of Streptococcus bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Chain of spherical cells

Question 7

Which structure is responsible for the semi-rigid cell wall structure of prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Peptidoglycan

Question 8

Which of the following statements about Gram-negative bacteria is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They have a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane containing LPS.

Question 9

What is the main function of the glycocalyx in bacterial cells?

Accepted Answer

Attachment to surfaces and other cells

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of pili in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

DNA transfer during conjugation

Question 11

Which of the following structures is found only in archaea?

Accepted Answer

Hami

Question 12

Which term describes flagella distributed all over the surface of a bacterial cell?

Accepted Answer

Peritrichous

Question 13

Which of the following statements about prokaryotic ribosomes is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes synthesize new lipids.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of bacterial plasmids?

Accepted Answer

Essential for bacterial survival

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a component of an endospore?

Accepted Answer

S-layer

Question 16

During sporulation, which structure divides the cell into large and small compartments?

Accepted Answer

Septum

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process of chemotaxis?

Accepted Answer

Movement of a cell towards or away from a chemical stimulus

Question 18

Which part of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecule is responsible for the toxic effects during bacterial infections?

Accepted Answer

Lipid A

Question 19

A bacterial cell is moving away from a chemoattractant. How will its movement change?

Accepted Answer

The runs will become shorter and the tumbles more frequent.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a chemical component of a bacterial cell wall?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Prokaryotic Cell Structures & Functions: Microbiology Study Guide

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