Question

Provide an arrow-pushing mechanism for the following alkane bromination. [Don't forget to use fishhook arrows to represent the movement of single electrons.]

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Initiation - Begin by homolytic cleavage of the bromine molecule (Br₂) to form two bromine radicals. Use fishhook arrows to show the movement of single electrons from the Br-Br bond to each bromine atom, resulting in two Br• radicals. Step 2: Propagation - The bromine radical (Br•) abstracts a hydrogen atom from the alkane, forming a hydrogen bromide (HBr) and an alkyl radical. Use a fishhook arrow to show the movement of a single electron from the Br• to the hydrogen atom, and another fishhook arrow to show the movement of the single electron from the C-H bond to the carbon atom, forming the alkyl radical. Step 3: Propagation - The alkyl radical reacts with another bromine molecule (Br₂), forming the brominated alkane and regenerating a bromine radical. Use fishhook arrows to show the movement of single electrons from the alkyl radical and the Br-Br bond to form the new C-Br bond and regenerate Br•. Step 4: Termination - Two radicals combine to form a stable molecule, terminating the chain reaction. This can occur between two bromine radicals, two alkyl radicals, or an alkyl radical and a bromine radical. Use fishhook arrows to show the movement of single electrons from each radical to form a covalent bond. Step 5: Review the mechanism - Ensure that all steps are balanced in terms of electron movement and that the overall reaction results in the bromination of the alkane. Check that all fishhook arrows correctly represent the movement of single electrons throughout the mechanism.

Provide an arrow-pushing mechanism for the following alkane bromination. [Don't forget to use fishhook arrows to represent the movement of single electrons.]

비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:

주요 개념

Radical Halogenation

Fishhook Arrows

Mechanism Steps: Initiation, Propagation, Termination