$$\text{Behaviour} \rightarrow \text{Consequence} \rightarrow \text{Change in Behaviour}$$

Question 1

According to B.F. Skinner's behaviourist approach, what is the primary factor influencing the development of personality?

Accepted Answer

Patterns of behaviour and their reinforcing consequences

Question 2

Which of the following best describes operant behaviour as defined by Skinner?

Accepted Answer

Behaviour that is determined by the consequences it produces in the environment

Question 3

A child receives a gold star every time they complete their homework. According to operant conditioning, this is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Positive reinforcement

Question 4

Which equation best represents the relationship between behaviour and consequence in operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Behaviour} ightarrow 	ext{Consequence} ightarrow 	ext{Change in Behaviour}$$

Question 5

Which of the following is a criticism of the behaviourist approach to personality?

Accepted Answer

It disregards internal human qualities such as self-control or conscious free will.

Question 6

In Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment, what type of behaviour was being conditioned?

Accepted Answer

Respondent behaviour

Question 7

A student studies hard to avoid getting a bad grade. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Negative reinforcement

Question 8

Which theorist is most closely associated with the concept of 'tabula rasa' in the context of personality development?

Accepted Answer

John Locke

Question 9

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates punishment in operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A child touches a hot stove and feels pain, making them less likely to touch it again

Question 10

Which of the following is a strength of the behaviourist approach to personality?

Accepted Answer

It provides a clear method for reinforcing desired behaviours

Question 11

A person shivers when it is cold outside. According to behaviourist theory, this is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Respondent behaviour

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the two-way relationship between operant behaviour and the environment?

Accepted Answer

Behaviour both elicits responses from and influences the environment

Question 13

In the context of behaviourism, which of the following is NOT a limitation of the approach?

Accepted Answer

It provides practical methods for behaviour modification

Question 14

Which of the following real-life applications best demonstrates the use of positive reinforcement in shaping personality?

Accepted Answer

Parents give their child a sticker for every chore completed

Question 15

If a behaviour is followed by a consequence that decreases the likelihood of the behaviour being repeated, this consequence is known as:

Accepted Answer

Punishment

Question 16

Which of the following best summarizes the behaviourist view of personality?

Accepted Answer

Personality is a set of learned behaviours shaped by environmental consequences

Question 17

A dog salivates when it hears a bell that has been repeatedly paired with food. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning

Question 18

Which of the following equations represents the process of classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Neutral Stimulus} + 	ext{Unconditioned Stimulus} ightarrow 	ext{Unconditioned Response}$$

Question 19

Which of the following best illustrates the behaviourist principle of conditioning in a classroom setting?

Accepted Answer

Students receive points for turning in homework on time

Question 20

A child who is scolded for drawing on the walls stops this behaviour. According to operant conditioning, what has occurred?

Accepted Answer

Punishment

Classical Theories of Personality: The Behaviourist Approach

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