Question 1

Which organ system is primarily responsible for protecting the body from disease-causing pathogens?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic system

Question 2

Which anatomical plane divides the body into superior and inferior sections?

Accepted Answer

Transverse plane

Question 3

A patient suffers a spinal cord injury. Which body cavity is directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Vertebral (spinal) cavity

Question 4

Which of the following elements is NOT one of the four major elements that make up 96% of the human body’s mass?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Question 5

If an atom has 17 protons, 18 neutrons, and 17 electrons, what is its atomic number?

Accepted Answer

$$17$$

Question 6

Which statement best describes the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

Atoms are most stable when they have eight electrons in their valence shell.

Question 7

Which type of chemical bond results from the transfer of electrons from one atom to another?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 8

A solution of NaCl in water conducts electricity because:

Accepted Answer

NaCl dissociates into ions, which are electrolytes

Question 9

Which of the following mixtures is best described as a colloid?

Accepted Answer

Breast milk

Question 10

Which property of water allows it to help regulate body temperature during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Water absorbs heat without a significant temperature change

Question 11

Which of the following compounds would be hydrophobic in water?

Accepted Answer

Methane (CH$$_4)$$

Question 12

A buffer system in the blood helps maintain pH by:

Accepted Answer

Preventing large swings in pH when acids or bases are added

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct formula for the dissociation of hydrochloric acid in water?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HCl\ (in\ water)\ \rightleftharpoons\ H^+\ +\ Cl^-}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a monomer of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharide

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a triglyceride?

Accepted Answer

Three fatty acids bonded to a glycerol molecule

Question 16

Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophilic?

Accepted Answer

Phosphate head

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of proteins in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Enzyme catalysis

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acid

Question 19

Which molecule is the main energy-storing molecule in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 20

A patient is found to have a blood pH of 7.1. According to the pH scale, this patient is:

Accepted Answer

Slightly acidic

Anatomy & Physiology 1 - Chapter 2: Biological Chemistry

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