Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the principle of complementarity of structure and function in human anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

The structure of the heart valves causes blood to flow in only one direction when the heart pumps.

Question 2

A physiologist is most likely to perform which of the following activities?

Accepted Answer

Grow liver cells in cell culture to measure how quickly they metabolize alcohol in different conditions.

Question 3

Which of the following correctly lists the hierarchy of levels of organization in the human body from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Molecule, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organism

Question 4

During a cancer screening, why might cytological methods be less invasive than histological methods?

Accepted Answer

Histology usually requires intact tissue gathered from a biopsy or dissection, while cytology usually looks at individual cells which can be collected without greatly disturbing the entire tissue.

Question 5

Why do textbooks usually present only one blood vessel branching structure, even though there are many anatomical variants?

Accepted Answer

Using a reference body gives one reference frame, simplifying the amount of information we need to learn.

Question 6

Which organ system is least responsible for keeping you alive on a day-to-day basis?

Accepted Answer

The reproductive system.

Question 7

Which two organ systems allow materials to move from one region of the body to another?

Accepted Answer

Circulatory and lymphatic.

Question 8

Why is anatomical position important in the study of anatomy?

Accepted Answer

A-C are all true.

Question 9

The pelvis is ______ to the ribs.

Accepted Answer

Inferior

Question 10

The spine is ______ to the intestines.

Accepted Answer

Posterior

Question 11

The left knee and the left ankle are ______.

Accepted Answer

Ipsilateral

Question 12

The elbow is ______ to the wrist.

Accepted Answer

Proximal

Question 13

Which anatomical term describes a structure that is closer to the surface of the body?

Accepted Answer

Superficial

Question 14

Which region is in the center and top of the abdomen?

Accepted Answer

Epigastric region

Question 15

A transverse plane divides the body into which sections?

Accepted Answer

Superior and inferior

Question 16

Which body cavity contains multiple serous cavities within it?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic

Question 17

During an organ transplant, which part of the serous membrane would likely be transplanted along with the organ?

Accepted Answer

The visceral serosa

Question 18

To perform a bariatric procedure where a gastric ring is placed on the stomach, which serous membrane must be cut through?

Accepted Answer

Peritoneum

Question 19

Appendicitis can lead to rapid infection spread if the appendix ruptures. Why?

Accepted Answer

The peritoneal cavity contains serous fluid allowing the infection to quickly spread throughout the abdominopelvic cavity.

Anatomy & Physiology: The Human Body - Orientation and Organization

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