Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a molecule and an ionic compound?

Accepted Answer

A molecule is formed by the sharing of electrons, while an ionic compound is formed by the transfer of electrons.

Question 2

A carbon atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. What is its atomic number and mass number?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number = 6, Mass number = 12

Question 3

Which of the following elements is most likely to be chemically inert?

Accepted Answer

Neon (Ne)

Question 4

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the second electron shell of an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$8$$

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why water is a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, causing unequal sharing of electrons.

Question 6

Which type of chemical bond is responsible for the surface tension of water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bond

Question 7

A sodium atom loses one electron to become a sodium ion. What is the charge on the sodium ion?

Accepted Answer

$$+1$$

Question 8

Which of the following reactions represents a decomposition (catabolic) reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$AB \rightarrow A + B$$

Question 9

Which of the following statements about catalysts is correct?

Accepted Answer

Catalysts lower the activation energy required for a reaction.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a buffer in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

A substance that resists large swings in pH.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct example of a synthesis (anabolic) reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$A + B \rightarrow AB$$

Question 12

Which of the following is true about exergonic reactions?

Accepted Answer

They release energy, which is important in cellular respiration.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to have 8 electrons in their valence shell.

Question 14

Which of the following is a property of water that makes it a universal solvent?

Accepted Answer

Its polarity allows it to dissolve many ionic and polar substances.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of an exchange reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$AB + CD \rightarrow AD + CB$$

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why salts are important in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They ionize in water and help conduct electrical currents.

Question 17

Which of the following is true about acids?

Accepted Answer

They release hydrogen ions ($$H^+) in $$solution.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a nonpolar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are shared equally between atoms.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct representation of a reversible chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$A + B \leftrightarrow AB$$

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between protons and electrons in a neutral atom?

Accepted Answer

The number of protons equals the number of electrons.

Cryder Chapter 2 practice

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