Question 1

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining blood colloid osmotic pressure and transporting substances such as fatty acids, hormones, and bilirubin?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 2

A patient presents with chronic anemia due to an autoimmune disorder that destroys stomach cells producing intrinsic factor. Which type of anemia is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Pernicious anemia

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the stimulus for erythropoietin (EPO) release?

Accepted Answer

Low blood oxygen levels (hypoxia)

Question 4

A patient with a WBC count of 15,000/μL is most likely experiencing which condition?

Accepted Answer

Leukocytosis

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct developmental sequence for platelet formation (thrombopoiesis)?

Accepted Answer

Hematopoietic stem cell → Megakaryoblast → Megakaryocyte → Platelets

Question 6

Which leukocyte is most abundant in normal blood and is primarily responsible for phagocytizing bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 7

A patient with a hematocrit of 65% after EPO injections is at increased risk for which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting and stroke

Question 8

Which plasma protein is essential for blood clotting and is converted to fibrin during coagulation?

Accepted Answer

Fibrinogen

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the fate of the non-iron portion of heme after red blood cell breakdown?

Accepted Answer

It is converted to biliverdin, then bilirubin, and excreted in bile

Question 10

A patient with a WBC count of 3,000/μL is most likely experiencing which condition?

Accepted Answer

Leukopenia

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of gamma globulins in plasma?

Accepted Answer

Function as antibodies to help defend against infection

Question 12

Which cell type is responsible for producing platelets in the bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Megakaryocyte

Question 13

A patient with thalassemia is likely to have which of the following blood abnormalities?

Accepted Answer

Deficient hemoglobin and fragile RBCs

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the feedback mechanism regulating thrombopoietin (TPO) and platelet production?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback

Question 15

Which leukocyte is primarily involved in allergic responses and releases histamine?

Accepted Answer

Basophil

Question 16

A patient with bone marrow cancer producing too many abnormal, immature white blood cells is most likely diagnosed with:

Accepted Answer

Leukemia

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of erythropoietin (EPO) in the body?

Accepted Answer

Stimulates red blood cell production

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic of monocytes?

Accepted Answer

They differentiate into macrophages in tissues

Question 19

A patient with a history of chronic blood loss from a bleeding ulcer is most likely to develop which type of anemia?

Accepted Answer

Chronic hemorrhagic anemia

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

Produce antibodies and mediate immune responses

Blood: Plasma Proteins, Erythropoiesis, Platelets, and Leukocytes

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