Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of vitamins

Question 2

A patient has a hematocrit of 65%. Which of the following is a likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of stroke or heart failure

Question 3

Which component of blood is responsible for clot formation?

Accepted Answer

Platelets

Question 4

What is the main reason erythrocytes are biconcave in shape?

Accepted Answer

To maximize surface area for gas diffusion

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the role of hemoglobin in erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

It binds reversibly with O2 and CO2

Question 6

How many molecules of oxygen can one hemoglobin molecule bind?

Accepted Answer

$$4$$

Question 7

Which of the following is a dietary requirement for erythropoiesis?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Question 8

A patient at high altitude experiences increased erythropoietin (EPO) release. What is the physiological reason for this?

Accepted Answer

Decreased oxygen availability

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why mature erythrocytes cannot divide?

Accepted Answer

They lack a nucleus and organelles

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct sequence in the development of erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Myeloid stem cell → Proerythroblast → Reticulocyte → Erythrocyte

Question 11

A patient with iron-deficiency anemia is most likely to have which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Low oxygen-carrying capacity

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE about the fate of iron from destroyed erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

It is stored in the liver as ferritin or hemosiderin

Question 13

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating erythropoiesis?

Accepted Answer

Erythropoietin

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the effect of recombinant human EPO (r-HuEPO) abuse in athletes?

Accepted Answer

It increases hematocrit, which can lead to dangerous blood viscosity

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of plasma proteins?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining osmotic pressure

Question 16

A patient with sickle-cell anemia has a mutation in which part of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

Beta chain

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why only leukocytes are considered 'true cells' among the formed elements?

Accepted Answer

They contain a nucleus and organelles

Question 18

Which of the following would most likely trigger the release of erythropoietin (EPO)?

Accepted Answer

Decreased oxygen delivery to tissues

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of hematopoiesis?

Accepted Answer

Formation of all blood cells in red bone marrow

Question 20

A patient with polycythemia is at risk for which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Increased blood viscosity leading to clotting or stroke

Blood: Structure, Function, and Disorders – Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes

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