Q: Which of the following best describes the central dogma of molecular biology?

$$\text{DNA} \rightarrow \text{mRNA} \rightarrow \text{protein}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the plasma membrane in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

It regulates the passage of substances into and out of the cell.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a solution and begins to swell and eventually bursts. Which term best describes the tonicity of the solution relative to the cell’s cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Question 3

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of steroid hormones and the detoxification of drugs in liver cells?

Accepted Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

Question 4

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why water moves into a cell placed in a hypotonic solution?

Accepted Answer

Water moves toward the area of higher solute concentration.

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of microtubules in the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Anchoring organelles and forming the spindle apparatus during cell division

Question 7

A mutation prevents the formation of nuclear pores in a cell. Which process would be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Transport of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the sodium-potassium exchange pump?

Accepted Answer

It uses ATP to move three sodium ions out of the cell and two potassium ions into the cell.

Question 9

Which of the following is true regarding facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

It requires a carrier protein and moves substances down their concentration gradient.

Question 10

A cell is exposed to a toxin that inhibits the function of lysosomes. Which of the following processes would be most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of damaged organelles

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{DNA} ightarrow 	ext{mRNA} ightarrow 	ext{protein}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Modification and packaging of proteins for secretion

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the phospholipid bilayer is correct?

Accepted Answer

The hydrophilic heads face the extracellular and intracellular fluids.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of ribosomes in the cell?

Accepted Answer

They synthesize proteins.

Question 15

A patient is given an intravenous solution that is hypertonic relative to their red blood cells. What is the most likely outcome for the red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

They will shrink and undergo crenation.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Prophase → Metaphase → Anaphase → Telophase

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why mature neurons do not divide?

Accepted Answer

They remain in the G0 phase indefinitely.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the nucleolus?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of rRNA and assembly of ribosomal subunits

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

The net movement of water from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration across a selectively permeable membrane.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about carrier-mediated transport is correct?

Accepted Answer

Symporters move two substances in the same direction at the same time.

Cellular Level of Organization: Structure and Function in Anatomy & Physiology

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드