Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between atomic number and atomic mass?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number is the number of protons, and atomic mass is the sum of protons and neutrons.

Question 2

A neutral atom of sodium (Na) has an atomic number of 11 and a mass number of 23. How many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

$$23 - 11 = 12$$ neutrons

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why atoms form chemical bonds?

Accepted Answer

To achieve a stable outer electron shell, usually with 8 electrons.

Question 4

Which type of bond is formed when one atom donates an electron to another atom, resulting in oppositely charged ions that attract each other?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 5

How many electrons can the second energy shell of an atom hold?

Accepted Answer

8 electrons

Question 6

Which of the following is true about acids and bases?

Accepted Answer

Acids release hydrogen ions (H+) in water.

Question 7

A solution has a pH of 5. How does its hydrogen ion concentration compare to a solution with a pH of 7?

Accepted Answer

It is 100 times higher.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a molecule?

Accepted Answer

A group of two or more atoms chemically bonded together.

Question 9

What is the molecular formula for a compound containing two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$$

Question 10

Which of the following reactions is an example of a decomposition reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{2H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow 2\mathrm{H}_2 + \mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 11

A patient’s blood pH drops from 7.4 to 7.1. What does this indicate about the hydrogen ion concentration?

Accepted Answer

It has increased by a factor of $$2^{(7.4-7.1)}$$ = $$10^{0.3}$$ \approx 2$ times.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

It increases the rate of the reaction without being consumed.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about ions?

Accepted Answer

An ion is an atom that has gained or lost electrons.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a double covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Two atoms share two pairs of electrons.

Question 15

If a molecule of glucose has the formula $$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6$$, how many atoms are present in one molecule?

Accepted Answer

$$6 + 12 + 6 = 24$$ atoms

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why water ($$\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}) is $$considered a compound?

Accepted Answer

It contains two or more different elements chemically bonded in a fixed ratio.

Question 17

Which of the following is true about the pH scale?

Accepted Answer

A solution with pH 9 is more basic than a solution with pH 7.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes an exchange reaction?

Accepted Answer

Parts of two different molecules trade places.

Question 19

A solution contains more hydroxide ions (OH-) than hydrogen ions (H+). Which of the following best describes this solution?

Accepted Answer

It is basic.

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-life example of an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between sodium and chlorine in table salt.

Chapter 2: Basic Chemistry for Anatomy & Physiology

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제