Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between mass and weight?

Accepted Answer

Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force exerted by gravity on that mass.

Question 2

A baseball player swings a bat and hits a ball over the fence. Which type of energy transformation is primarily occurring in the player's muscles during this action?

Accepted Answer

Potential energy is being converted to kinetic energy.

Question 3

Which form of energy is most directly involved in the transmission of nerve impulses in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Electrical energy

Question 4

Which of the following elements makes up the largest percentage of body weight in humans?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 5

An atom has 17 protons, 18 neutrons, and 17 electrons. What is its atomic number and mass number?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number = 17, Mass number = 35

Question 6

Which of the following best describes an isotope?

Accepted Answer

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Question 7

Radioisotopes are important in medicine because they:

Accepted Answer

Can be used to trace metabolic pathways and treat diseases such as cancer

Question 8

Which of the following mixtures is correctly matched with its description?

Accepted Answer

Colloid – heterogeneous mixture with particles that do not settle out

Question 9

Which statement about the octet rule is correct?

Accepted Answer

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve 8 electrons in their outer shell.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are shared unequally, creating partial charges on the molecule.

Question 11

Why do nonpolar molecules such as fats and oils not dissolve in water?

Accepted Answer

They lack polar regions and cannot interact with water’s polar molecules.

Question 12

Which of the following is a real-life example of hydrogen bonding in the body?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds hold the two strands of DNA together.

Question 13

Which chemical reaction type is represented by the equation: $$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP$$?

Accepted Answer

Decomposition (catabolic) and redox reaction

Question 14

Which of the following factors will increase the rate of a chemical reaction in the body?

Accepted Answer

Increasing temperature

Question 15

Which property of water allows a water strider to walk on the surface of a pond?

Accepted Answer

High surface tension due to hydrogen bonding

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of buffers in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Buffers resist abrupt changes in pH by binding or releasing hydrogen ions.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a macromolecule and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Protein – amino acid

Question 18

Which of the following statements about enzymes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why ATP is considered the energy currency of the cell?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores energy in its phosphate bonds and releases it for cellular work when these bonds are broken.

Question 20

A patient is given a solution with a pH of 5.0. Which of the following statements is true about this solution?

Accepted Answer

It has a higher concentration of hydrogen ions than a solution with pH 7.0.

Chapter 2: Chemistry Comes Alive – Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드