$$[H^+] = 10$$^{-4}$$\ \text{M}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a compound and a mixture?

Accepted Answer

Compounds involve chemical bonding between components, while mixtures do not.

Question 2

A solution contains 180.12 grams of glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$) dissolved in enough water to make 1 liter. What is the molarity (M) of this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$1\ M$$

Question 3

Which of the following elements is most abundant in the human body by mass?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 4

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 5

A patient presents with a blood pH of 7.0 during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. What does this indicate about their prognosis?

Accepted Answer

They are at high risk for poor outcome.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why water is an effective solvent for ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Water forms hydration layers around ions due to its polarity.

Question 7

Which of the following reactions is an example of a synthesis (anabolic) reaction?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids joining to form a protein

Question 8

Which of the following statements about enzymes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction.

Question 9

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$moles per liter?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 10$$^{-4}$$\ 	ext{M}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of buffers in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Buffers resist abrupt changes in pH by binding or releasing $$H^+$$ ions.

Question 11

Which of the following is a property of saturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

They have only single covalent bonds between carbon atoms.

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are specific for their substrates?

Accepted Answer

The active site of an enzyme has a unique shape that fits only specific substrates.

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of cholesterol in the human body?

Accepted Answer

It is a building block for vitamin D and steroid hormones.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the quaternary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The arrangement of two or more polypeptide chains into a functional protein.

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE regarding ATP?

Accepted Answer

ATP provides immediate energy for cellular work by transferring phosphate groups.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between hydrogen and oxygen in H$$_2O$$

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why blood is considered a suspension?

Accepted Answer

Blood cells settle out if left undisturbed.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of proteins in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Catalysis, transport, and structural support

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the relationship between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

RNA carries out the genetic instructions from DNA for protein synthesis.

Question 20

A patient is given a solution with a pH of 9. How does this solution compare to pure water in terms of hydrogen ion concentration?

Accepted Answer

It has 100 times less $$[H^+]$$ than pure water.

Chemistry Comes Alive: Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology

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