Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a compound and a mixture?

Accepted Answer

Compounds involve chemical bonding between components, while mixtures do not involve chemical bonding.

Question 2

A patient is given a radioactive isotope for diagnostic imaging. Which property of radioisotopes makes them useful for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

They have the same chemical properties as stable isotopes but emit detectable radiation.

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents a synthesis (anabolic) reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$A + B \rightarrow AB$$

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why water has a high surface tension, allowing insects like water striders to walk on its surface?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds between water molecules create strong cohesive forces.

Question 5

A sodium atom (Na) reacts with a chlorine atom (Cl) to form sodium chloride (NaCl). What type of bond is formed, and what happens to the electrons?

Accepted Answer

An ionic bond is formed by transferring an electron from Na to Cl.

Question 6

Which of the following is true regarding the atomic structure of isotopes?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes an exergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that releases energy, with products having less potential energy than reactants.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct statement about the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

Atoms are most stable when their outermost shell contains eight electrons, except for the first shell which is full with two electrons.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between hydrogen and oxygen in $$H_2O$$

Question 10

A solution contains 5 grams of glucose dissolved in 100 mL of water. In this solution, which is the solute and which is the solvent?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is the solute; water is the solvent.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a colloid found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

A heterogeneous mixture with large solute particles that do not settle out, such as cytosol.

Question 12

Which of the following is true about enzymes in chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes increase the rate of chemical reactions without being chemically changed or becoming part of the product.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of an exchange (displacement) reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$AB + C \rightarrow AC + B$$

Question 14

Which of the following statements about redox (oxidation-reduction) reactions is correct?

Accepted Answer

The electron donor is oxidized and the electron acceptor is reduced.

Question 15

Which of the following factors will increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the concentration of reactants.

Question 16

A molecule of methane ($$CH_4) is $$formed when carbon shares electrons with four hydrogen atoms. What type of bond is present in methane?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar covalent bonds

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between kinetic and potential energy?

Accepted Answer

Kinetic energy is energy in action, while potential energy is stored energy.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the atomic number and mass number of an element?

Accepted Answer

The atomic number is the number of protons, and the mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why energy conversions in the body are inefficient?

Accepted Answer

Some energy is always lost as heat during conversions.

Question 20

Which of the following is a property of noble gases that makes them chemically inert?

Accepted Answer

Their valence shell is fully occupied with eight electrons (except helium, which has two).

Chemistry Comes Alive: Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제