Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the phospholipid bilayer in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a selective barrier, regulating the movement of substances into and out of the cell.

Question 2

Which compartment contains the pericardial fluid?

Accepted Answer

Extracellular fluid (ECF)

Question 3

A scientist is studying a membrane protein that spans the entire cell membrane and is involved in transporting ions. Which type of protein is this?

Accepted Answer

Integral (transmembrane) protein

Question 4

Why are digestive enzymes stored inside a liposome within a cell?

Accepted Answer

Because the liposome's phospholipid bilayer confines the enzymes to its interior, preventing them from digesting cellular components.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about cholesterol in the cell membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol is non-polar and hydrophobic, positioning itself among the fatty acid tails of phospholipids.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between the lumen of the cardiovascular system and the lumen of the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

The cardiovascular lumen is considered internal, while the digestive tract lumen is considered external.

Question 7

Which cell junction type allows direct communication between adjacent cells by permitting the passage of ions and small molecules?

Accepted Answer

Gap junction

Question 8

A tissue sample is observed to have a single layer of flattened cells with pores between cells that permit easy passage of molecules. Which type of epithelial tissue is this?

Accepted Answer

Exchange epithelium

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why peripheral proteins can be removed from the cell membrane without disrupting the membrane structure?

Accepted Answer

They are loosely attached to the membrane surface and do not penetrate the hydrophobic core.

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the basal lamina (basement membrane) in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

It provides structural support and anchors the epithelium to underlying tissues.

Question 11

A patient has a genetic defect in connexin proteins. Which cellular structure is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the amphipathic nature of phospholipids?

Accepted Answer

They have a hydrophilic phosphate head and two hydrophobic fatty acid tails.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of tight junctions in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

They block movement of material between cells, creating a selective barrier.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a body cavity and an organ it contains?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic cavity – lungs

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of desmosomes?

Accepted Answer

They anchor cells to one another, providing mechanical strength.

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding the extracellular matrix?

Accepted Answer

It includes proteins, carbohydrates, and inorganic components.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why the apical and basolateral membranes of transporting epithelia have different transport proteins?

Accepted Answer

To enable selective directional transport of substances across the epithelium.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life example of a system that uses ciliated epithelial tissue for its function?

Accepted Answer

The lining of the trachea, which moves mucus and trapped particles out of the airway

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the cytoplasm, nucleus, and cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

The cytoplasm contains the nucleus and is surrounded by the cell membrane.

Compartmentation: Cells & Tissues – Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology

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