$$ \text{ATP} \rightarrow \text{ADP} + \text{P}_i + \text{energy} $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Fluid Mosaic Model of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A selectively permeable lipid bilayer with proteins and carbohydrates embedded throughout.

Question 2

Which function is NOT a primary role of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

DNA replication

Question 3

A patient has a genetic defect in their glycoproteins. Which plasma membrane function is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Cell recognition

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the movement of sodium and potassium ions in the Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase pump?

Accepted Answer

Na⁺ moves out of the cell, K⁺ moves in, using ATP.

Question 5

Which equation best represents the energy requirement for primary active transport?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{ATP} ightarrow 	ext{ADP} + 	ext{P}_i + 	ext{energy} $$

Question 6

Which type of membrane transport is illustrated when Na⁺ and glucose move together into a cell?

Accepted Answer

Symport, secondary active transport

Question 7

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 8

A cell with 46 chromosomes duplicates its DNA before mitosis. How many chromosomes are present in each daughter cell after mitosis?

Accepted Answer

46

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 10

Which tissue type is responsible for contraction and movement?

Accepted Answer

Muscular

Question 11

Which cell junction is most important for preventing leakage between epithelial cells in the intestine?

Accepted Answer

Tight junction

Question 12

A tissue sample shows multiple layers of flat cells. How would you classify this epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Stratified squamous

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the basal lamina in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Anchoring epithelial cells to underlying connective tissue

Question 14

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for cell division and regeneration?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 15

Which gland is most numerous in human skin and is responsible for thermoregulation?

Accepted Answer

Eccrine sweat gland

Question 16

Which cell type in the epidermis is primarily responsible for producing melanin?

Accepted Answer

Melanocyte

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the main function of dendritic cells in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

Immune defense

Question 18

A patient with a mutation affecting gap junctions would most likely have problems with which cellular function?

Accepted Answer

Cell-cell communication

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Cells are tightly packed with little extracellular matrix

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why epithelial tissues are more likely to regenerate quickly after injury compared to connective tissues?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissues have a high rate of cell division in the stratum basale.

Essential Study Notes: Cell Structure, Membrane Transport, Tissues, and Integumentary System

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