Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy?

Accepted Answer

Gross anatomy examines large, visible structures, while microscopic anatomy focuses on cells and molecules.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback loop in homeostatic regulation?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature by sweating when overheated.

Question 3

A patient has a blood calcium level of 11.5 mg/dL (normal range: 8.6–10.3 mg/dL). Which homeostatic mechanism is most likely activated?

Accepted Answer

Release of calcitonin from the thyroid gland to lower blood calcium.

Question 4

Which organ system is primarily responsible for defending the body against infection and disease?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic system

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a criterion for a variable to be homeostatically regulated?

Accepted Answer

It must be regulated only by the nervous system.

Question 6

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of a positive feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

Amplification of uterine contractions during childbirth by oxytocin.

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct sequence of levels of organization from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 8

Which of the following statements about homeostasis is correct?

Accepted Answer

The internal environment is dynamic and constantly changing.

Question 9

A person stands up quickly after lying down and feels dizzy. Which homeostatic variable is most likely being challenged?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of the effector in a feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

It carries out the instructions from the control center to restore homeostasis.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of extrinsic regulation of homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The nervous system increases heart rate during exercise.

Question 12

Which of the following is a misconception about homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The set-point is a specific number that cannot withstand deviation.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the control center in a homeostatic feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

It processes information from the receptor and sends instructions to the effector.

Question 14

Which of the following variables is NOT typically regulated by homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Hair color

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why the pupillary light reflex is NOT a homeostatic mechanism?

Accepted Answer

It does not maintain a variable found in the blood or necessary for life.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of autoregulation (intrinsic regulation)?

Accepted Answer

A tissue increases its own blood flow in response to local metabolic changes.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the lock and key complex in physiology?

Accepted Answer

A protein binds specifically to a ligand, similar to a key fitting into a lock.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about set-points in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Set-points can vary within a range and may change under certain conditions.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the relationship between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy studies structure, while physiology studies function.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of a physiological variable regulated by homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Arterial PO2

Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology: Structure, Function, and Homeostasis

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