Question 1

Which of the following best describes an isotope?

Accepted Answer

An atom with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

Question 2

A patient is injected with a radiotracer to visualize thyroid tissue. Which property of the radiotracer allows it to be detected by imaging equipment?

Accepted Answer

It emits radiation as it decays to a more stable form.

Question 3

Which of the following mixtures is best described as having large, visible particles that will settle out over time?

Accepted Answer

Suspension

Question 4

Which statement about the octet rule is correct?

Accepted Answer

Atoms are most stable when they have 8 electrons in their valence shell.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why water is an excellent solvent for ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Water is a polar molecule and can surround charged ions, separating them.

Question 6

A sodium atom donates an electron to a chlorine atom, forming NaCl. What type of bond is formed?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct example of a catabolic (decomposition) reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$AB \rightarrow A + B$$

Question 8

Which of the following factors will NOT increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing the concentration of reactants

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond in which electrons are shared unequally between two nonmetals with different electronegativities.

Question 10

Which of the following is a real-life example of a hydrogen bond’s importance in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds create surface tension in water, allowing blood to form droplets.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between a monomer and a polymer?

Accepted Answer

A monomer is a single subunit; a polymer is a chain of monomers linked together.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct representation of an exchange reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$AB + CD \rightarrow AD + BC$$

Question 13

A patient with Tay-Sachs disease is unable to break down certain lipids due to a deficiency in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Hexosaminidase enzyme

Question 14

Which of the following statements about ATP is correct?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores energy in its high-energy phosphate bonds, which can be released to do cellular work.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why saturated fatty acids are solid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

They have no double bonds between carbon atoms, allowing them to pack closely together.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of complementary base pairing in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine pairs with thymine via 2 hydrogen bonds.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process of protein denaturation?

Accepted Answer

Loss of protein structure and function due to heat, pH changes, or chemicals.

Question 18

Which of the following is a property of water that is critical for temperature regulation in the human body?

Accepted Answer

High heat capacity

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

They lower the activation energy required for reactions to proceed.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct example of an anabolic (synthesis) reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$A + B \rightarrow AB$$

The Chemistry of Life: Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology

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