Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of simple squamous epithelium, and where is it commonly found?

Accepted Answer

Allows diffusion and filtration; found in air sacs of lungs and lining of blood vessels

Question 2

A patient presents with a yellowish tint to their skin. Which condition and underlying organ dysfunction is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Jaundice due to liver disease

Question 3

Which connective tissue type is characterized by a gel-like matrix with all three fiber types and functions to wrap and cushion organs?

Accepted Answer

Areolar connective tissue

Question 4

A biopsy of a patient’s trachea reveals a single layer of cells of varying heights with nuclei at different levels and cilia on the surface. What is the most likely tissue type?

Accepted Answer

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 5

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for mitotic division and is the deepest layer?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 6

A tendon is primarily composed of which type of connective tissue, and what is its main function?

Accepted Answer

Dense regular connective tissue; attaches muscle to bone and withstands tension in one direction

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why epithelial tissues are avascular?

Accepted Answer

They rely on diffusion of nutrients and wastes from underlying connective tissue

Question 8

A patient with a deep decubitus ulcer (bedsore) most likely developed this condition due to which physiological process?

Accepted Answer

Restricted blood supply leading to skin cell death

Question 9

Which of the following connective tissues is specialized for fat storage and insulation?

Accepted Answer

Adipose connective tissue

Question 10

Which of the following is a key structural difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands lose their connection to the epithelial surface and secrete hormones into the blood; exocrine glands retain ducts and secrete onto epithelial surfaces

Question 11

Which connective tissue type forms the stroma (internal skeleton) of lymphoid organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

Reticular connective tissue

Question 12

A patient with a genetic defect in collagen synthesis would most likely have problems with which tissue type?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

Question 13

Which muscle tissue type is voluntary, striated, and multinucleate?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of transitional epithelium and its location?

Accepted Answer

Stretching to permit distension in the urinary bladder

Question 15

Which layer of the dermis contains Meissner’s corpuscles and is composed of areolar connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Papillary layer

Question 16

A patient with a deficiency in vitamin D synthesis may have impaired function of which organ system, and why?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal system, due to decreased calcium absorption

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of bone (osseous tissue) that distinguishes it from cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Provides levers for muscle action and stores calcium

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why the epidermis is able to regenerate rapidly after injury?

Accepted Answer

The stratum basale contains mitotically active cells that replace lost cells

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Transport of respiratory gases

Question 20

A patient with a wound that exposes the dermis but not the hypodermis has damaged which layers of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Epidermis and dermis

Tissues and the Integumentary System: Structure, Function, and Histology

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