Question 1

Which of the following best explains why triglycerides store more energy per gram than carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides have longer hydrocarbon chains, resulting in more C-H bonds that release energy when broken.

Question 2

A fatty acid with no double bonds between carbon atoms is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Saturated

Question 3

Which structural feature of phospholipids is critical for their role in forming biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

They have a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail.

Question 4

What is the main difference between the sugars found in DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains deoxyribose, while RNA contains ribose.

Question 5

Which of the following is a physiological consequence of anabolic steroid use?

Accepted Answer

Disruption of salt balance and homeostasis

Question 6

Which of the following statements about nucleic acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids are composed of nucleotides, each containing a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

Question 7

Which nitrogenous base is found only in RNA and not in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Question 8

The process by which triglycerides are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol is called:

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the structure of a steroid molecule?

Accepted Answer

A four-ring hydrocarbon structure with various functional groups

Question 10

In DNA, which base pairs with cytosine?

Accepted Answer

Guanine

Question 11

Which of the following equations correctly represents the dehydration synthesis of a triglyceride?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Glycerol} + 3\ \mathrm{Fatty\ Acids} \rightarrow \mathrm{Triglyceride} + 3\ \mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 12

A patient is diagnosed with atherosclerosis. Which dietary component is most likely contributing to this condition?

Accepted Answer

High intake of saturated fats

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the backbone of a nucleic acid polymer?

Accepted Answer

Repeating sugar-phosphate units

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a biologically important lipid?

Accepted Answer

Polysaccharide

Question 15

Which process is responsible for the formation of nucleic acid polymers from nucleotides?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of cholesterol in the body?

Accepted Answer

It is the parent molecule for steroid hormones.

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why unsaturated fats are usually liquid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

They contain double bonds that cause bends in the hydrocarbon chains, preventing tight packing.

Question 18

Which of the following is a behavioral consequence of anabolic steroid use?

Accepted Answer

Aggressive behavior

Question 19

Which of the following correctly describes the pairing of nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A pairs with T, C pairs with G

Question 20

Which of the following is true about the transport of triglycerides in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides are packaged with cholesterol in lipoproteins for transport.

BIO103 Lecture 5: The Molecules of Cells – Lipids and Nucleic Acids

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제