Question 1

Which of the following best describes a carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

A polyhydroxy derivative of aldehydes or ketones.

Question 2

Which of the following is a ketose monosaccharide with six carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

Fructose

Question 3

Which disaccharide is composed of two glucose molecules joined by an $$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ glycosidic bond?

Accepted Answer

Maltose

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct classification for ribulose?

Accepted Answer

A pentose ketose

Question 5

Which polysaccharide is the main storage form of carbohydrate in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 6

Which of the following statements about cellulose is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of $$\beta-$$glucose units linked by $$\beta(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ bonds.

Question 7

Which reaction converts D-glucose to D-glucuronic acid?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation of the primary alcohol group at C-6

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why humans cannot digest cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzyme to hydrolyze $$\beta(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ glycosidic bonds.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct example of an aldose sugar?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 10

A patient is diagnosed with a metabolic disorder that prevents the breakdown of glycogen. Which process is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Short-term energy storage in muscles

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between amylose and amylopectin?

Accepted Answer

Amylose contains $$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ bonds only, while amylopectin contains both $$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ and $$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 6)$$ bonds.

Question 12

Which of the following reactions would convert D-glucose to D-glucaric acid?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation of both the aldehyde group and the primary alcohol group

Question 13

Which of the following is a trisaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Raffinose

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a monosaccharide and its classification?

Accepted Answer

Glucose – Hexose aldose

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the structure of sucrose?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of glucose and fructose joined by an $$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 2)$$ glycosidic bond.

Question 16

Which of the following is a pentose aldose?

Accepted Answer

Ribose

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why starch can be digested by humans but cellulose cannot?

Accepted Answer

Starch contains $$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ glycosidic bonds, while cellulose contains $$\beta(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ bonds.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of a ketose sugar?

Accepted Answer

A sugar with a carbonyl group at an internal carbon atom

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for a hexose monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the process of forming a disaccharide from two monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

A condensation reaction that forms a glycosidic bond and releases water

Carbohydrates: Structure, Classification, and Properties

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