$$6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + \text{light energy} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following best represents the overall chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 	ext{light energy} ightarrow \mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 2

In the process of photosynthesis, what role does light play?

Accepted Answer

Light acts as a catalyst, providing energy to drive the reaction but is not consumed as a reactant.

Question 3

Coal is used to generate electricity in many regions. How is the energy in coal originally derived from photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Coal is formed from ancient plants that captured solar energy through photosynthesis, storing it as chemical energy millions of years ago.

Question 4

Which part of the chloroplast is the site of the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Thylakoid

Question 5

What is the main product of the Calvin Cycle that can be used to synthesize glucose and other sugars?

Accepted Answer

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P)

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the relationship between wavelength and energy in visible light?

Accepted Answer

Shorter wavelengths correspond to higher energy, so blue light has more energy than red light.

Question 7

Why do plants appear green to the human eye?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll reflects green wavelengths of light and absorbs other colors.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of pigments in plants?

Accepted Answer

Pigments block harmful light, such as UV radiation.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about sugars produced by photosynthesis is correct?

Accepted Answer

G3P is the direct product of the Calvin Cycle and can be converted into glucose or other sugars.

Question 10

How do plants typically store excess glucose produced during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

As starch, a polysaccharide composed of many glucose units.

Question 11

A scientist exposes a plant to only green light. What is the most likely outcome for the rate of photosynthesis, and why?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis will decrease because chlorophyll reflects green light rather than absorbing it.

Question 12

Which of the following correctly matches the location and main output of the light reactions in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Location: Thylakoid; Main output: ATP, NADPH, and $$\mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 13

Which molecule is required as an input for the Calvin Cycle?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO}_2$$

Question 14

A mutation prevents a plant from producing NADPH. Which step of photosynthesis would be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

The Calvin Cycle, because NADPH provides the reducing power to convert $$\mathrm{CO}_2$$ into sugars.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why starch is an effective storage molecule for plants?

Accepted Answer

Starch is a large, insoluble polysaccharide that allows plants to store many glucose units without affecting osmotic balance.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Light reactions produce ATP and NADPH, which are then used in the Calvin Cycle to fix $$\mathrm{CO}_2$$ into G3P.

Question 17

If a plant is placed in an environment with only red light, what would you expect to happen to its rate of photosynthesis compared to white light?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis would occur, but at a lower rate than with white light, because not all pigments are optimally excited.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, which is used to drive the synthesis of ATP and NADPH.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the products of the light reactions is correct?

Accepted Answer

ATP and NADPH are produced and used to power the Calvin Cycle.

Question 20

A plant is genetically modified to lack the enzyme needed to convert G3P into glucose. What would be the most immediate effect?

Accepted Answer

The plant would accumulate G3P but be unable to synthesize glucose and other complex sugars.

Chapter 10 Photosynthesis Study Guide – Step-by-Step Guidance

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