Question 1

Refer to the first image. The chromosome shown is composed of:

Accepted Answer

two double-stranded DNA molecules.

Question 2

A chemical that blocks the binding of microtubules to the kinetochores of sister chromatids would most likely disrupt which stage of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 3

One difference between cancer cells and normal cells is that cancer cells:

Accepted Answer

do not need to be attached to a substrate to divide in culture

Question 4

Assume an organism has a diploid number of 10 (2n = 10). Which of the following correctly lists the number of chromosomes, chromatids, sets of chromosomes, and homologous pairs in a cell in metaphase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

10, 20, 2, 5

Question 5

Refer to the fourth image. Which statement is correct about the stages shown?

Accepted Answer

Image I is Anaphase I

Question 6

Feather color in budgies is determined by two genes B and Y. B_Y_ birds are green, bbY_ are yellow, B_yy are blue, and bbyy are white. Two blue budgies were crossed and produced 22 offspring, 5 of which were white. What are the most likely genotypes of the two blue budgies?

Accepted Answer

Bbyy and Bbyy

Question 7

A woman with blood type A has a daughter who is type O and a son who is type B. Which of the following is a possible genotype for the children's father?

Accepted Answer

IBi

Question 8

Refer to the seventh and eighth images (pedigrees). Pedigree 1 is autosomal recessive and pedigree 2 is autosomal dominant. Which answer is correct?

Accepted Answer

Pedigree 1 is autosomal recessive and pedigree 2 is autosomal dominant.

Question 9

Refer to the ninth image (pedigree with achondroplasia). What is the probability that child III-1 will have achondroplasia if the condition is autosomal dominant?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{2}$$

Question 10

Which of the following researchers are correctly matched with their work?

Accepted Answer

Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase — Showed that DNA, but not protein, entered bacterial cells and was the genetic material

Question 11

Which of the following is true of the nucleotide composition of DNA in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

$$A + C = G + T$$

Question 12

Meselson and Stahl grew bacteria in a medium containing $$^{15}N$$ and then transferred them to $$^{14}N. $$After two rounds of DNA replication, which test tube would represent the result if DNA replication is semiconservative?

Accepted Answer

D

Question 13

Which of the following is a similarity between the lagging strand and the leading strand during DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

They are synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction

Question 14

Which of the following could represent the specific base change in the coding strand of DNA that causes sickle-cell disease (valine instead of glutamic acid)?

Accepted Answer

G $$\rightarrow A$$

Question 15

Which of the following statements regarding embryonic stem (ES) cells are true?

Accepted Answer

They can theoretically give rise to all types of cells in an organism.

Question 16

Which of the following would typically cause a proto-oncogene to become an oncogene?

Accepted Answer

point mutation within the proto-oncogene

Question 17

Which of the following is true about cancer?

Accepted Answer

ras is an example of a proto-oncogene that can become an oncogene.

Question 18

Which of the following is a property of life shared by prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, but not viruses?

Accepted Answer

the ability to process energy through metabolic reactions

General Biology Exam Study Guide: Chromosomes, Cell Cycle, Genetics, and Molecular Biology

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