$$6O_2 + C_6H_{12}O_6$ \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements is NOT one of the three principles of the cell theory?

Accepted Answer

Cells can spontaneously generate from non-living matter.

Question 2

A scientist observes a cell with a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes. Which type of cell is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cell

Question 3

Which organelle is responsible for producing energy through cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 4

A mutation prevents a cell from breaking down waste and damaged organelles. Which organelle is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Question 5

Which structure is found in plant cells but NOT in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Question 6

What is the main function of ribosomes in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Produce proteins using instructions in DNA

Question 7

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and modifying proteins for transport?

Accepted Answer

Golgi body

Question 8

A cell is unable to photosynthesize and produce glucose. Which organelle is most likely missing or defective?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

It controls what enters and leaves the cell.

Question 10

If a cell's nucleus is damaged, which process is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Storage of genetic information and instructions

Question 11

Which organelle is described as the 'powerhouse of the cell' and why?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria, because it produces energy through cellular respiration.

Question 12

Which of the following equations best represents the process occurring in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

$$6O_2 + C_6H_{12}O_6$ ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 13

Which cell structure provides support and protection in plant cells but is absent in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Question 14

A cell is observed to have a large central vacuole. What is the most likely function of this structure?

Accepted Answer

Storage of water and other substances

Question 15

Which organelle is directly involved in cell division in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Centrioles

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

It provides a medium for chemical reactions to occur.

Question 17

Which organelle is responsible for building proteins using instructions from the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why plant cells can perform photosynthesis but animal cells cannot?

Accepted Answer

Plant cells contain chloroplasts, which capture light energy.

Question 19

Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles?

Accepted Answer

Golgi body

Question 20

A cell is unable to synthesize proteins. Which organelle is most likely defective?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Introduction to Cells and Cell Structure

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