Question 1

In Mendel’s classic dihybrid cross between pea plants with genotypes $$RRYY ($$round yellow) and $$rryy ($$wrinkled green), what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the $$F_2$$ generation?

Accepted Answer

9:3:3:1

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of homologous chromosomes during metaphase I of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Homologous pairs align randomly at the metaphase plate, leading to independent assortment.

Question 3

Which of the following statements correctly contrasts monohybrid and dihybrid inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Monohybrid involves one gene, dihybrid involves two genes.

Question 4

A cross between a red-flowered snapdragon ($$RR) $$and a white-flowered snapdragon ($$WW) $$produces pink-flowered offspring ($$RW). $$What type of inheritance is this?

Accepted Answer

Incomplete dominance

Question 5

Which of the following best explains the inheritance of human ABO blood groups?

Accepted Answer

Multiple allelism and codominance

Question 6

If a person with genotype $$I^A I^B$$ for the ABO blood group marries a person with genotype $$I^O I^O$$, what are the possible blood types of their children?

Accepted Answer

A and B only

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Human skin color

Question 8

In a dihybrid cross, what is the expected genotypic ratio of the $$F_2$$ generation if both parents are heterozygous for both traits ($$RrYy 	imes RrYy$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$1:2:1:2:4:2:1:2:1$$

Question 9

Which of the following best describes codominance?

Accepted Answer

Both alleles are fully expressed in the phenotype of heterozygotes.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a feature of monogenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Phenotype is determined by multiple genes.

Question 11

A plant with genotype $$RrYy$$ produces which of the following gametes according to Mendel’s law of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

$$RY$$, $$Ry$$, $$rY$$, $$ry$$

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between incomplete dominance and codominance?

Accepted Answer

Incomplete dominance results in a blended phenotype, while codominance results in both phenotypes being expressed.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a trait determined by multiple alleles?

Accepted Answer

ABO blood group

Question 14

If a monohybrid cross is performed between two heterozygotes ($$Aa 	imes Aa$$), what is the expected genotypic ratio in the $$F_2$$ generation?

Accepted Answer

$$1:2:1$$

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why siblings can have different combinations of traits even if they have the same parents?

Accepted Answer

Independent assortment and crossing over during meiosis

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about the number of alleles involved in a dihybrid cross?

Accepted Answer

Four alleles are involved (two for each gene).

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a real-world application of codominance?

Accepted Answer

A person with genotype $$I^A I^B$$ has both A and B antigens on their red blood cells.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the $$F_1$$ generation in a dihybrid cross between $$RRYY$$ and $$rryy$$ pea plants?

Accepted Answer

All $$RrYy$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a key feature of polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Traits show continuous variation, such as height or skin color.

Mendelian Genetics: Dihybrid Crosses, Allelic Relationships, and Patterns of Inheritance

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