Q: Which equation correctly calculates Body Mass Index (BMI)?

$$BMI = \frac{\text{Body mass in kilograms}}{(\text{Body height in metres})^2$}$$

Question 1

Which property of water allows it to act as a universal solvent for many biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

Water has a permanent dipole, making it a polar molecule.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the formation of a glycosidic bond?

Accepted Answer

A glycosidic bond forms by a condensation reaction, releasing a water molecule.

Question 3

Which polysaccharide is the main energy storage molecule in animals, and what feature allows it to release energy quickly?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen; it has many side branches due to 1,6 glycosidic bonds.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about triglycerides is correct?

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides are used as long-term energy reserves and are insoluble in water.

Question 5

Why do large multicellular organisms require a mass transport system?

Accepted Answer

They have a low surface area to volume ratio, making diffusion too slow to meet cellular needs.

Question 6

Which blood vessel has the thickest walls and why?

Accepted Answer

Arteries, because they must withstand and maintain high blood pressure.

Question 7

During which phase of the cardiac cycle do the atrioventricular valves close and the semilunar valves open?

Accepted Answer

Ventricular systole

Question 8

Which equation correctly calculates Body Mass Index (BMI)?

Accepted Answer

$$BMI = \frac{	ext{Body mass in kilograms}}{(	ext{Body height in metres})^2$}$$

Question 9

A patient has a waist circumference of 90 cm and a hip circumference of 100 cm. What is their waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and are they classified as obese if they are male?

Accepted Answer

WHR = 0.9; not obese

Question 10

Which of the following best explains the Bohr effect in haemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

High partial pressure of carbon dioxide decreases haemoglobin's affinity for oxygen, promoting oxygen release.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct statement about the difference between correlation and causation in scientific studies?

Accepted Answer

Correlation means two variables are related, but causation means one variable directly affects the other.

Question 12

Which of the following is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease that is NOT directly under an individual's control?

Accepted Answer

Genetic predisposition

Question 13

Which of the following statements about LDL and HDL is correct?

Accepted Answer

HDL reduces cholesterol levels by transporting it to the liver.

Question 14

A study on a new antihypertensive drug uses a control group, a placebo, and is double-blind. Why are these features important?

Accepted Answer

They reduce bias and increase the reliability of the results.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the process of atherosclerosis?

Accepted Answer

It is the hardening of arteries due to the build-up of fibrous plaque called an atheroma.

Question 16

Which of the following drugs is used to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Statins

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why antioxidants are thought to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Antioxidants donate electrons to free radicals, stabilizing them and preventing cellular damage.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct sequence in the formation of a blood clot?

Accepted Answer

Fibrinogen is converted to fibrin by thrombin, forming a mesh that traps blood cells.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen is correct?

Accepted Answer

Haemoglobin's affinity for oxygen increases as partial pressure of oxygen increases.

Molecules, Transport, and Health: Core Concepts in General Biology

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드