Question 1

Which of the following best describes the biological species concept?

Accepted Answer

A group of populations whose members can interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a prezygotic barrier to reproduction?

Accepted Answer

Hybrid breakdown

Question 3

A population of frogs is separated by a newly formed river. Over time, the two groups evolve independently and can no longer interbreed. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Allopatric speciation

Question 4

Which scenario best illustrates habitat isolation as a prezygotic barrier?

Accepted Answer

Two fly species in the genus Rhagoletis mate and lay eggs on different host plants.

Question 5

Which of the following is a limitation of the biological species concept?

Accepted Answer

It cannot be applied to asexual organisms.

Question 6

Polyploidy is most likely to result in speciation in which group of organisms?

Accepted Answer

Plants

Question 7

Which of the following equations correctly represents the chromosome number of an allopolyploid species formed from two diploid parent species with chromosome numbers $$2n_1$$ and $$2n_2$$?

Accepted Answer

$$2n = 2n_1 + 2n_2$$

Question 8

A hybrid zone is most likely to persist over time if:

Accepted Answer

There is ongoing gene flow from parent species into the hybrid zone.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of temporal isolation?

Accepted Answer

Two species of skunks breed at different times of the year.

Question 10

Which process is described by the following scenario: Female cichlids in Lake Victoria choose mates based on male coloration, leading to reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

Sexual selection

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why the biological species concept cannot be applied to fossils?

Accepted Answer

It is impossible to observe mating and reproductive success in fossils.

Question 12

Which of the following is a postzygotic barrier?

Accepted Answer

Reduced hybrid fertility

Question 13

Which pattern in the fossil record is described by long periods of little change interrupted by brief periods of rapid speciation?

Accepted Answer

Punctuated equilibria

Question 14

Which of the following scenarios would most likely lead to reinforcement in a hybrid zone?

Accepted Answer

Hybrids are less fit than parent species.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of behavioral isolation?

Accepted Answer

Blue-footed boobies mate only after a specific courtship display.

Question 16

Which of the following is true about macroevolution?

Accepted Answer

It includes the origin of new groups of organisms above the species level.

Question 17

Which of the following is most likely to result in sympatric speciation?

Accepted Answer

A plant species undergoes polyploidy.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the outcome of fusion in a hybrid zone?

Accepted Answer

Two parent species merge into a single species.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of postzygotic isolation?

Accepted Answer

Hybrid offspring of two species of frogs are inviable.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about speciation rates is supported by evidence from the fossil record?

Accepted Answer

Speciation can occur rapidly or slowly, depending on the group and environmental conditions.

The Origin of Species: Mechanisms and Patterns of Speciation

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