Question 1

Which of the following best describes a dehydration reaction in the synthesis of a polymer?

Accepted Answer

A water molecule is removed, forming a new bond between monomers.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a polymer?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol

Question 3

What type of bond forms between two monosaccharides to create a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic linkage

Question 4

Which of the following statements about cellulose is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is a major component of plant cell walls and is composed of beta glucose monomers.

Question 5

A diet high in which type of fat is most strongly associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to plaque formation?

Accepted Answer

Trans fats

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in water?

Accepted Answer

Their fatty acid tails are hydrophobic and cluster away from water, while their phosphate heads are hydrophilic and interact with water.

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing chemical reactions

Question 8

A change in a single amino acid in the primary structure of hemoglobin leads to sickle-cell disease. This is an example of how:

Accepted Answer

Primary structure determines protein function.

Question 9

Which of the following interactions is NOT involved in stabilizing the tertiary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bonds

Question 10

Which of the following correctly matches the macromolecule with its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate – Monosaccharide

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between a nucleotide and a nucleoside?

Accepted Answer

A nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a nucleoside does not.

Question 12

Which of the following is a purine?

Accepted Answer

Adenine

Question 13

What is the main function of chaperonins in the cell?

Accepted Answer

To assist in the proper folding of other proteins

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the antiparallel structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

The two strands run in opposite 5' → 3' directions.

Question 15

Which of the following is a real-life consequence of the inability to digest cellulose in humans?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose passes through the digestive tract as insoluble fiber.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

They have one or more cis double bonds that create kinks, preventing tight packing.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct pairing of nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine – Thymine

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

They speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of adipose tissue in mammals?

Accepted Answer

Cushioning vital organs and insulating the body

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between ribose and deoxyribose?

Accepted Answer

Deoxyribose has one less oxygen atom than ribose.

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

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