Q: A solution has a pH of 3. What is the $$[H^+]$$ concentration?

$$[H^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-3}$$ M

Question 1

Which property of water is primarily responsible for the ability of some insects, such as the water strider, to walk on the surface of water?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion due to hydrogen bonding

Question 2

Why does ice float on liquid water, and why is this property crucial for aquatic life in cold climates?

Accepted Answer

Ice is less dense than liquid water because hydrogen bonds in ice are more ordered, creating more space between molecules

Question 3

A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of $$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$ M. What is the pH of this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = 5$$

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why coastal cities tend to have milder climates than inland cities at the same latitude?

Accepted Answer

Water has a high specific heat, allowing it to absorb and release large amounts of heat with little temperature change

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion concentrations in pure water at 25°C?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+][OH^-] = 10$$^{-14}$$

Question 6

A buffer solution is important in biological systems because it:

Accepted Answer

Minimizes changes in pH by reversibly binding H+ ions

Question 7

Which of the following best describes why oil does not dissolve in water?

Accepted Answer

Oil molecules are nonpolar and hydrophobic, so they do not form hydrogen bonds with water

Question 8

If you dissolve 1 mole of glucose (molecular mass = 180 g/mol) in enough water to make 1 liter of solution, what is the molarity of the solution?

Accepted Answer

1 M

Question 9

Which of the following scenarios illustrates the concept of evaporative cooling?

Accepted Answer

A dog panting to cool down after running

Question 10

Ocean acidification is primarily caused by which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of atmospheric $$CO_2 by $$seawater, forming carbonic acid

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of hydrogen bonds in water’s high specific heat?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds must break for water to increase in temperature, so more energy is required

Question 12

A plant is able to transport water from its roots to its leaves against gravity. Which combination of water’s properties is most responsible for this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion and adhesion

Question 13

Which of the following statements about acids and bases is correct?

Accepted Answer

An acid increases the concentration of $$H^+ in a $$solution

Question 14

A solution has a pH of 3. What is the $$[H^+]$$ concentration?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-3}$$ M

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a buffer system in the human body?

Accepted Answer

The bicarbonate buffer system, which helps maintain blood pH

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why water is called the 'universal solvent'?

Accepted Answer

Water’s polarity allows it to dissolve many ionic and polar substances

Question 17

If the pH of a solution changes from 6 to 4, how does the hydrogen ion concentration change?

Accepted Answer

It increases by 100 times

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of ocean acidification?

Accepted Answer

Decreased availability of carbonate ions for marine organisms to build shells

Question 19

Which of the following best describes an amphipathic molecule?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why sweating cools the body?

Accepted Answer

Evaporation of sweat removes heat from the body due to water’s high heat of vaporization

Water and Life: Properties, Functions, and Biological Importance

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