Question 1

Which type of bond is primarily responsible for the cohesion between individual water molecules?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an emergent property of water that is essential for life?

Accepted Answer

High density of ice compared to liquid water

Question 3

The emergent properties of water, such as cohesion and high heat capacity, are primarily due to water being ______ and its ability to ______ hydrogen bond.

Accepted Answer

Polar, can

Question 4

Which of the following effects is a direct result of water’s high surface tension?

Accepted Answer

A spider can walk across the surface of a small pond.

Question 5

Why does ice float in liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Stable hydrogen bonds keep water molecules of ice farther apart than water molecules of liquid water.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why lakes do not freeze solid from the bottom up during winter?

Accepted Answer

Ice is less dense than liquid water, so it floats and insulates the water below.

Question 7

Which property of water allows a lake to heat up more slowly than the surrounding land during a hot day?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat

Question 8

Which of the following defines the term evaporation?

Accepted Answer

The conversion of a liquid into a vapor.

Question 9

Liquid water has a ______ heat of vaporization than most other molecules due to the abundance of ______ bonds.

Accepted Answer

Higher, hydrogen

Question 10

A solution in which water is the solvent is called a(n) ______ solution.

Accepted Answer

Aqueous

Question 11

The substance in a mixture that is dissolved is called the:

Accepted Answer

Solute

Question 12

Hydrophobic molecules:

Accepted Answer

Are nonpolar water 'fearing' molecules.

Question 13

Which of the following reactions is most consistent with that of a base?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NaOH \rightarrow Na^+ + OH^-}$$

Question 14

The addition of an acid like HCl to an aqueous solution (pure water) would result in:

Accepted Answer

Both the release of H+ and a decrease in pH.

Question 15

In a neutral solution, the concentration of ______.

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen ions is equal to the concentration of hydroxide ions.

Question 16

A base ______:

Accepted Answer

Is a chemical that accepts hydrogen ions from a solution.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about buffers is true?

Accepted Answer

They maintain a consistent pH when acids or bases are added to them.

Question 18

Buffers are substances that help resist shifts in pH by:

Accepted Answer

Both accepting H+ when in excess and donating H+ when depleted.

Question 19

Which property of water is most important for the transport of nutrients and waste in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Universal solvent

Question 20

If a solution has a pH of 4, what is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$moles per liter?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ M

Water: Structure, Properties, and Biological Importance

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