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Percentiles & Quartiles definitions

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  • Percentile
    A value below which a given percentage of observations in a dataset falls, dividing data into 100 equal parts.
  • Quartile
    A value that splits ordered data into four equal parts, each containing 25% of the observations.
  • First Quartile
    The point below which 25% of the data lies, also known as the 25th percentile.
  • Second Quartile
    The median of a dataset, marking the 50th percentile and dividing data into two equal halves.
  • Third Quartile
    The value below which 75% of the data falls, corresponding to the 75th percentile.
  • Median
    The middle value in an ordered dataset, with half the data above and half below.
  • Interquartile Range
    The difference between the third and first quartiles, measuring the spread of the middle 50% of data.
  • Cumulative Frequency
    A running total of frequencies through the classes in a frequency distribution.
  • Data Set
    A collection of related numerical values or observations analyzed for statistical purposes.
  • Ordered Data
    A sequence of values arranged from smallest to largest, essential for locating percentiles and quartiles.
  • Frequency Distribution
    A summary showing the number of observations within specified intervals of a dataset.
  • Position Formula
    A calculation used to determine the location of a specific percentile or quartile within ordered data.