Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Brønsted-Lowry definition of an acid?

Accepted Answer

A species that donates a proton (H+).

Question 2

Given the following reaction: $$\mathrm{CH_3COOH + H_2O \rightleftharpoons CH_3COO^- + H_3O^+}$$, which species is the conjugate base?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH_3COO^-}$$

Question 3

Which of the following acids is considered a strong acid in water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrochloric acid ($$\mathrm{HCl})$$

Question 4

Why is hydrofluoric acid ($$\mathrm{HF}) a $$weak acid, while hydrochloric acid ($$\mathrm{HCl}) is a $$strong acid?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HF}$$ has a stronger H–F bond, making it harder to dissociate.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of an amphoteric species?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 6

What is the correct expression for the acid dissociation constant ($$K_a) $$for a weak acid $$\mathrm{HA} in $$water?

Accepted Answer

$$K_a = \frac{[A^-][H_3O^+]}{[HA]}$$

Question 7

A solution has $$[H_3O^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$ mol/L. What is its pH?

Accepted Answer

pH = 5

Question 8

Which of the following reactions is an acid-base reaction according to Brønsted-Lowry theory?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HCl(aq) + NH_3$(aq) \rightarrow NH_4$^+(aq) + Cl^-(aq)}$$

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a Lewis acid?

Accepted Answer

A species that accepts a pair of electrons.

Question 10

If $$K_w = 1 	imes 10$$^{-14}$$ at 25°C, what is the relationship between pK_a$ and pK_b$ for a conjugate acid-base pair?

Accepted Answer

$$pK_a + pK_b = 14$$

Question 11

Which of the following species is the conjugate base of $$\mathrm{H_3O^+}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 12

Which of the following statements about strong acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Strong acids dissociate completely in water.

Question 13

A student dissolves one mole of sodium hydroxide ($$\mathrm{NaOH}) in $$water. Which of the following species will be present in the highest concentration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{OH^-}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct conjugate acid-base pair for ammonia ($$\mathrm{NH_3$}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NH_4$^+}$$ / $$\mathrm{NH_3$}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why $$\mathrm{$$HClO_4$$} is a $$stronger acid than $$\mathrm{HClO}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$HClO_4$$}$$ has more oxygen atoms, stabilizing the conjugate base.

Question 16

Which of the following is the strongest acid in aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_3O^+}$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the pH scale in water at 25°C?

Accepted Answer

A neutral solution has pH = 7.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct reaction for the autoprotolysis of water?

Accepted Answer

$$2\mathrm{H_2O(l)} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H_3O^+(aq)} + \mathrm{OH^-(aq)}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is the conjugate acid of $$\mathrm{OH^-}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Acid-Base Reactions and Properties of Acids and Bases

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